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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. He extols the virtue of the ruler as what for the populace?
(a) A provider and protector.
(b) A strong hand and firm master.
(c) A wife.
(d) A god.

2. How do many of the serfs and peasants receive rights?
(a) By paying monetarily for some of them.
(b) By bribery and blackmail.
(c) By hard work.
(d) By begging for them.

3. How do the plebeians view the civic freedom of the upper class?
(a) As something to desire.
(b) As a good compromise to their personal freedom.
(c) As a threat to their own personal freedom.
(d) As a form of personal freedom.

4. What is the role of Jesus?
(a) He begins the church.
(b) He is the only leader of the church.
(c) He is the prophet delivering his message or vision.
(d) He is the first leader of the Christian church.

5. What are slaves seeking and finding in Christianity?
(a) Love.
(b) Freedom and escape from bondage.
(c) Food and shelter.
(d) Family.

Short Answer Questions

1. With whom do the patricians conflict?

2. In the Middle Ages, what renews the interest in the quest for freedom?

3. The second conflict takes place between 340-266 A.D., resulting in what?

4. The practice of manumission and co-optation means the native born Romans, or the ruling class, are what?

5. Law and the state of grace are _________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the relationship between church and state at the end of the Middle Ages?

2. Two questions arise from Paul's theology. What are we saved from? To whom or what are we enslaved? What are the answers?

3. Why have historians tended to downplay the role of freedom during this time period?

4. What is Reactionary Stoicism?

5. What is freedom at this time?

6. How do the beliefs of different sects compare?

7. What happens when Christianity appears?

8. Rome extends its power and rule to the Italian peninsula through a series of wars and conquests in 266 B.C. What are the consequences?

9. How does Augustus influence the interpretations of freedom?

10. What phases exist in the development of early Christianity?

(see the answer keys)

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