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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who estimated that the existence of over one hundred thousand such spiral nebulae was possible?
(a) William Parsons.
(b) Aristotle.
(c) James Keeler.
(d) John Calvin.

2. The inflation hypothesis was first conceptualized by what American physicist?
(a) Alan Guth.
(b) Mikolai Kopernik.
(c) Nicole Oresme.
(d) Joseph Fraunhofer.

3. Kant first became interested in space travel after reading a review of what philosopher's book?
(a) Plato's.
(b) Thomas Wright's.
(c) Aristotle's.
(d) John Harrison's.

4. Fermions fall into two categories: quarks which respond to force and what which do not react to force?
(a) Nuclei.
(b) Micrometers.
(c) Leptons.
(d) Bosons.

5. What theorized that the spiral and elliptical nebulae were clouds of gas that were forming new stars?
(a) The "nebular hypothesis."
(b) The "island universe."
(c) The Tychonic system.
(d) Quantum mechanics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does SETI stand for?

2. What refers to one of the extremely small constituents of matter, as an atom or nucleus?

3. According to the author in Chapter 19, what has obliterated the barrier between man and animal by proving that we all originate from the same source?

4. When did Protestant clergyman John Wilkins speak of man's settling on the moon?

5. Who published a paper in 1917 which provided evidence that the universe was expanding?

Short Essay Questions

1. What led to the origination of spectroscopy and astrophysics, according to the author in Chapter 10: "Einstein's Sky"?

2. What discoveries does the author describe regarding spiral nebulae in Chapter 9: "Island Universes"?

3. What led to the emergence of quantum physics according to the author in Chapter 15: "The Quantum and its Discontents"?

4. What advancements led to the discovery of the composition of the stars, according to the author in Chapter 10: "Einstein's Sky"?

5. How does the author describe theoretical physicists in Chapter 16: "Rumors of Perfection"?

6. What evidences does the author suggest implies extraterrestrial life in Chapter 19: "Mind and Matter"?

7. Who was the first physicist to conceptualize the vacuum genesis? How was his work perceived according to the author in Chapter 18: "The Origin of the Universe"?

8. How are nebulae defined in Chapter 8: "Deep Space"? What are the different classes of nebulae?

9. How have advancements in the sciences improved mankind, according to the author in Chapter 19: "Mind and Matter"?

10. What were the main premises of "The Origin of the Species," according to the author in Chapter 13: "The Age of the Earth"?

(see the answer keys)

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