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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What theorized that the spiral and elliptical nebulae were clouds of gas that were forming new stars?
(a) The "nebular hypothesis."
(b) The "island universe."
(c) Quantum mechanics.
(d) The Tychonic system.

2. Quantum physics first emerged when who theorized that energy came in discrete units called quanta?
(a) Max Planck.
(b) Isaac Newtwon.
(c) Aristotle.
(d) Plato.

3. What was the name of Charles Darwin's grandfather who had written the book, "Zoonomia"?
(a) Edwin Darwin.
(b) Erasmus Darwin.
(c) Johann Darwin.
(d) James Darwin.

4. Where was Albert Einstein born?
(a) France.
(b) England.
(c) Poland.
(d) Germany.

5. William Herschel became most famous for the discovery of which planet?
(a) Pluto.
(b) Uranus.
(c) Mars.
(d) Venus.

6. When did Protestant clergyman John Wilkins speak of man's settling on the moon?
(a) 1895.
(b) 1638.
(c) 1598.
(d) 1795.

7. Who elevated spectroscopy to an exact science?
(a) Mikolai Kopernik.
(b) Joseph Fraunhofer.
(c) William Parsons.
(d) Nicole Oresme.

8. In the world of quantum physics, fermions comprise matter and bosons convey what?
(a) Force.
(b) Dark matter.
(c) Mass.
(d) Radiology.

9. In the latter part of the 20th century, man began to abandon what in favor of actual exploration?
(a) Asceticism.
(b) Religion.
(c) Heliocentricism.
(d) Rhetoric.

10. When was René Descartes born?
(a) 1795.
(b) 1596.
(c) 1638.
(d) 1895.

11. When was William Herschel born?
(a) 1819.
(b) 1738.
(c) 1845.
(d) 1920.

12. When was Charles Darwin born?
(a) 1902.
(b) 1853.
(c) 1809.
(d) 1798.

13. What are fuzzy patches of glowing material that can be observed throughout the universe?
(a) Nebulae.
(b) Leptons.
(c) Bosons.
(d) Particles.

14. In Chapter 15, the author writes that physicists learned that when an electron was elevated into a higher orbit, it moved from lower to higher orbit without what?
(a) Traversing the intervening space.
(b) Gaining momentum.
(c) Gaining or losing energy.
(d) Gaining or losing heat.

15. Charles Darwin based his hypothesis that the world was old and always changing on the works of whom?
(a) Emanuel Kant.
(b) Jean Richer.
(c) Edwin Hubble.
(d) Charles Lyell.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was the first physicist to conceptualize the vacuum genesis?

2. What German mathematician provided evidence that every conservation law is based on symmetry?

3. Who concluded that the process of the earth's creation was part of an infinite repeating cycle of development and destruction?

4. What does SETI stand for?

5. What refers to one of the extremely small constituents of matter, as an atom or nucleus?

(see the answer keys)

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