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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Where was Nicolaus Copernicus from?
(a) France.
(b) Poland.
(c) England.
(d) Germany.

2. As far back as Ptolemy, geography was employed as an aid in the study of what, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"?
(a) Cosmology.
(b) Astronomy.
(c) Triangulation.
(d) Heliocentricism.

3. Who accused Copernicus of thinking he was superior to God?
(a) John Calvin.
(b) Martin Luther.
(c) Marco Polo.
(d) Pontius Pilate.

4. When did Venetian Alvise da Cadamosto discover the Southern Cross?
(a) 1515.
(b) 1455.
(c) 1698.
(d) 1488.

5. Who was the first astronomer to suggest a solar-centered planetary system?
(a) Claudius Ptolemy.
(b) Aristarchus.
(c) Archimedes.
(d) Pontius Pilate.

Short Answer Questions

1. When was Isaac Newton born?

2. Eudoxus went on to establish his own observatory where?

3. The Age of Discovery was a period in history starting in the early 15th century and continuing into what century?

4. After the fall of Rome, Christian zealots were said to have burned all the "pagan" books in the library where?

5. Aristotle declared that a body in rest tended to do what?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the concept of inertia change the image of the cosmos, according to the author in Chapter 2: "Raising (and Lowering) the Roof"?

2. What was the major problem with astronomical units, as described by the author in Chapter 7: "A Plumb Line to the Sun"?

3. How are the early years of Copernicus described in Chapter 4: "The Sun Worshipers"? What and where did he study?

4. What explorations around the Cape of Good Hope does the author describe in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"? When did these take place?

5. What sparked the reawakening of interest in the cosmos, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"?

6. Where did the pursuit of science evolve after the rise of Christianity, according to the author in Chapter 2: "Raising (and Lowering) the Roof"?

7. With whom did Eudoxus study astronomy, according to the author in Chapter 1: "The Dome of Heaven"? Where?

8. What did Galileo attempt do bring physics into the study of in Chapter 5: "The World in Retrograde"?

9. How does the author describe early models of the universe in Chapter 2: "Raising (and Lowering) the Roof"?

10. Where was the epicenter of sea exploration, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"? Who established an astronomical observatory and navigational institute at this time?

(see the answer keys)

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