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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Newton's first law expanded on the theory of inertia by asserting that an object stays in motion unless it is what?
(a) Disrupted by another force.
(b) Magnetic.
(c) Affected by radiation.
(d) Tilted toward negative energy.

2. Isaac Newton was intrigued by whose theories on inertia and the solar system?
(a) Plato's.
(b) Aristotle's.
(c) Claudius Ptolemy's.
(d) Descartes'.

3. What word means small or tiny?
(a) Demonstrative.
(b) Indicative.
(c) Diminutive.
(d) Intuitive.

4. Who backed the losing side of a power struggle and was jailed and executed in 524 A.D.?
(a) Archimedes.
(b) Marco Polo.
(c) Ancius Boethius.
(d) Prince Henry the Navigator.

5. What is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a stationary Sun at the center of the universe?
(a) Triangulation.
(b) Heliocentricism.
(c) The Tychonic system.
(d) Asceticism.

Short Answer Questions

1. Newton invented a new telescope that employed a mirror rather than what for the collection of light?

2. Legend had it that Galileo dropped what off the tower of Pisa to illustrate that all objects fell at the same rate of speed?

3. Most of Copernicus's work was unpublished until his death because he feared what?

4. What was a model of the solar system published by Tycho Brahe in the late 16th century which combined what he saw as the mathematical benefits of the Copernican system with the philosophical and "physical" benefits of the Ptolemaic system?

5. What is a device with a special eyepiece to measure the size of a planet as seen through a telescope?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was the major problem with astronomical units, as described by the author in Chapter 7: "A Plumb Line to the Sun"?

2. How does the author describe the work and theories of Claudius Ptolemy in Chapter 1: "The Dome of Heaven"?

3. Where was the epicenter of sea exploration, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"? Who established an astronomical observatory and navigational institute at this time?

4. How does the author describe micrometry in Chapter 7: "A Plumb Line to the Sun"?

5. What were the practical reasons for ancient civilizations to focus on the cosmos, as described by the author in Chapter 1: "The Dome of Heaven"?

6. What had remained a major problem for explorers at sea as described by the author in Chapter 7: "A Plumb Line to the Sun"?

7. How did Newton demolish Arisotle's dual universe according to the author in Chapter 6: "Newton's Reach"?

8. How had Greek science changed by Archimedes' death according to the author in Chapter 2: "Raising (and Lowering) the Roof"?

9. With whom did Eudoxus study astronomy, according to the author in Chapter 1: "The Dome of Heaven"? Where?

10. When did Newton develop his theory of gravity, according to the author in Chapter 6: "Newton's Reach"? What was his first law?

(see the answer keys)

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