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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Nicolaus Copernicus was born thirty years after what was invented?
(a) The automobile.
(b) The wheel.
(c) The printing press.
(d) The radio.

2. What is an influential philosophical tradition whose early practitioners' claims to profound powers were known from antiquity?
(a) Asceticism.
(b) Retrograde motion.
(c) Cosmology.
(d) Alchemy.

3. Who was the first to explore the coast of Africa and discover its rich natural resources in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"?
(a) Prince Henry the Navigator.
(b) Martin Luther.
(c) Nicole Oresme.
(d) Mikolai Kopernik.

4. Giovanni Cassini studied data by what astronomer who observed Mars at its closest passage to earth and determined, a value of 87 million miles for the astronomical unit?
(a) Marco Polo.
(b) Jean Richer.
(c) Plato.
(d) John Harrison.

5. The decline of Rome occurred over a period of four centuries, culminating in what year, when Romulus Augustus, the last Emperor of the Western Roman Empire, was deposed by Odoacer?
(a) 123 A.D.
(b) 476 A.D.
(c) 12 B.C.
(d) 90 A.D.

6. Newton's first law expanded on the theory of inertia by asserting that an object stays in motion unless it is what?
(a) Magnetic.
(b) Tilted toward negative energy.
(c) Affected by radiation.
(d) Disrupted by another force.

7. Who did Christopher Columbus persuade to finance his search for a New World?
(a) Queen Isabella.
(b) King Henry IV.
(c) Prince Henry the Navigator.
(d) Queen Elizabeth.

8. Who backed the losing side of a power struggle and was jailed and executed in 524 A.D.?
(a) Ancius Boethius.
(b) Marco Polo.
(c) Prince Henry the Navigator.
(d) Archimedes.

9. Nicolaus Copernicus's work proved that what system was inaccurate?
(a) Quantum flux.
(b) Triangulation.
(c) The Ptolemaic system.
(d) The Tychonic system.

10. What refers to motion in the direction opposite to the movement of something else, and is the contrary of direct or prograde motion?
(a) Triangulation.
(b) Asceticism.
(c) Lepton.
(d) Retrograde motion.

11. In what country is Stonehenge located?
(a) India.
(b) France.
(c) England.
(d) Germany.

12. After the fall of Rome, Christian zealots were said to have burned all the "pagan" books in the library where?
(a) Alexandria.
(b) Sparta.
(c) Rome.
(d) Athens.

13. What was the original name of Nicolaus Copernicus?
(a) Marco Polo.
(b) Aristarchus.
(c) Mikolai Kopernik.
(d) Claudius Ptolemy.

14. Who sentenced Jesus Christ to death?
(a) Judas.
(b) Archimedes.
(c) Aristarchus.
(d) Pontius Pilate.

15. The Royal Society was established in what year?
(a) 1782.
(b) 1603.
(c) 1689.
(d) 1598.

Short Answer Questions

1. What refers to the region of city-states in ancient Mesopotamia?

2. Eudoxus of Cnidus was a student of whom?

3. Who was the first astronomer to suggest a solar-centered planetary system?

4. Who wrote the work "Mathematical Syntaxis"?

5. Copernicus and Kepler measured the distances of the solar system which were expressed in what?

(see the answer keys)

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