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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The Jews tried to modify this theory ____________.

2. During the twelfth century, European scholars had flocked to Spain to study ____________.

3. It was after his execution as a common criminal that Jesus' followers decided _____________.

4. According to Karen Armstrong's research, did this man claim to be God?

5. The Faylasufs developed an advanced notion of God different from ____________.

Short Essay Questions

1. How were these three religions forced to develop mystical traditions?

2. What approach to religion does Armstrong advocate?

3. What does Armstrong say about Islam after Muhammad's death?

4. What ideas were being developed by Jews in Europe at this time?

5. Why did many European scholars flock to Spain during the twelfth century?

6. What is the Jewish development similar to the "Great Awakening?"

7. What happened at Medina?

8. What does Armstrong say about the old tribal God standing judgment of the individual?

9. Who questions the existence and relevance of God in the nineteenth century? How do these people question God's existence or relevance?

10. How did many Jews respond to the Neoplatonic doctrine?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The Industrial Revolution affected these three religions.

Part 1) Describe the Industrial Revolution and its affect on these three religions. How does this compare to the effect of periods such as the Renaissance?

Part 2) What had technology revealed to man about his power during the Industrial Revolution? Would people today agree with this revelation? Why or why not?

Part 3) Should the existence of God be questioned? Why or why not? To what has this questioning throughout various periods of time led? Is this a good thing? Why or why not?

Part 4) How is God put into question today? How does this affect our culture?

Essay Topic 2

A philosophy develops in Cappodocia, which forms the basis of the theology of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Part 1) What idea did this theology form? How does this philosophy compare to the philosophy decided upon at the synod at Nicaea?

Part 2) How did Jews and Muslims feel about this idea? Why?

Part 3) how important was St. Augustine to the evolution of this idea? How was St. Augustine changed through his conversion to Christianity? How did this influence his ideas regarding this idea first established at Cappadocia as well as other ideas and beliefs?

Essay Topic 3

Armstrong attemps to prove that much of what is believed about Jesus is myth.

Part 1) What information does Armstrong give about Jesus? How does this compare to your own knowledge of Jesus?

Part 2) How does Armstrong prove that what many consider to be facts is mythology? Is this valid evidence against Jesus as the Son of God? Why or why not?

Part 3) Why does Armstrong say Jesus' followers made him the Son of God and immortal? According to her, did he believe this to be true? Why or why not? According to Armstrong, who was Jesus?

(see the answer keys)

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