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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Prior to Augustine's conversion to Christianity, he had repulsed any idea of __________.

2. By resolving the question of whether Jesus was human or divine, Christians inevitably had to conclude that _______.

3. They tried to show that al-Lah was compatible with ____________.

4. The concept of a Divine Trinity is largely the result of the teachings of ____________.

5. Does the expression "Son of God" bear the same connotation in Hebrew as it does in Greek?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Armstrong say about the Sufis and Abu Walid ibn Ahmad ibn Rushd?

2. What does Armstrong say about the development of the philosophic theories in the Arab culture during the ninth century?

3. What did Galileo discover? What was the result of Galileo's discoveries?

4. Describe the life of Muhammad prior to his epiphany.

5. Describe the Faylasufs' notion of God.

6. What happened at Medina?

7. How did Western secularism and the rising dominance of industrialized European countries have an effect on the Muslim religion?

8. Describe Bernard, the abbot of the Cistercian Abby of Clarivaux in Burgundy.

9. What does The Koran mean?

10. What are the results of the Italian Renaissance and the beginning of the scientific discoveries?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Armstrong asks the question of whether God has a future.

Part 1) What is Armstrong's survey of our world today? How does she validate her points?

Part 2) What does Armstrong believe mankind should do regarding their beliefs about God? Why?

Part 3) What strong movements does Armstrong see in each religion? How does she feel about these movements? Why does she feel this way? How do you feel about these movements? How do you see them affecting mankind?

Essay Topic 2

Armstrong describes the practices of early Christians.

Part 1) What does she say about their early practices? What proof of this does she give?

Part 2) Why might the early Christians practice their faith in this way?

Part 3) How did St. Paul change early Christianity? What are the consequences of this? Why did some Christians not follow Paul? What might this say about Paul and Christianity as we know it?

Essay Topic 3

A philosophy develops in Cappodocia, which forms the basis of the theology of the Eastern Orthodox Church.

Part 1) What idea did this theology form? How does this philosophy compare to the philosophy decided upon at the synod at Nicaea?

Part 2) How did Jews and Muslims feel about this idea? Why?

Part 3) how important was St. Augustine to the evolution of this idea? How was St. Augustine changed through his conversion to Christianity? How did this influence his ideas regarding this idea first established at Cappadocia as well as other ideas and beliefs?

(see the answer keys)

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