2. This competing philosophy formed the basis of the theology of __________.
(a) The Mormon Church.
(b) The Lutheran Church.
(c) The Roman Catholic Church.
(d) The Eastern Orthodox Church.

3. The emergence of the cult of Jesus from the established church of Judaism was accompanied by passionate dispute, and many disciples of Jesus ____________.
(a) Left the Jewish faith.
(b) Remained within the conventional Jewish faith.
(c) Lost faith in religion.
(d) Started their own religion.

4. In the early years of his mission, Muhammad gathered many converts, especially from among ____________.
(a) The non-Muslim generation.
(b) Female groups.
(c) The younger generation.
(d) The older generation.

5. When was this account written?
(a) Forty years after Jesus' death.
(b) Eighty years after Jesus' death.
(c) One hundred years after Jesus' death.
(d) Ten years after Jesus' death.

Short Answer Questions

1. The earliest account of this man's life is found ____________.

2. The application of their method to the Koran was also influenced by ____________ teachings.

3. The concept of a Divine Trinity is largely the result of the teachings of ____________.

4. Who is Bernard?

5. A counter movement came into being when the Shiis declared ____________.

Short Essay Questions

1. What ideas were being developed by Jews in Europe at this time?

2. What took place despite the conservatism occasioned by the rise of the Shariah laws and the suppression of independent reasoning in the Sunni madrasahs?

3. What does Armstrong say about the development of the philosophic theories in the Arab culture during the ninth century?

4. What does Armstrong say about the Sufis and Abu Walid ibn Ahmad ibn Rushd?

5. What happens to Sufism during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries?

6. Describe mysticism in Judaism.

7. What led to a rift with the Quraysh? To what did this rift lead?

8. Who were the Zionists?

9. What strong religious movements does Armstrong see growing in strength today? What does she think about this?

10. Describe Christian mysticism in Northern Europe.

(see the answer keys)

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