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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Muhammad instructed his followers to prostrate themselves in the direction of the Kabah in Mecca instead of at ____________.
(a) Galilea.
(b) Baghdad.
(c) Cairo.
(d) Jerusalem.

2. Initially, Muhammad's message was to warn the Quraysh about ____________.
(a) Asking for forgiveness of sins.
(b) The need for grace.
(c) The coming of Salvation.
(d) Amending their lives and paying less attention to the accumulation of wealth and power.

3. What did this message lead to?
(a) An agreement with the Faylasufs.
(b) An agreement with the Quraysh in Mecca.
(c) A rift with the Sunnis in Mecca.
(d) A rift with the Quraysh in Mecca.

4. During the twelfth century, European scholars had flocked to Spain to study ____________.
(a) Christian theology.
(b) Jewish theology.
(c) Muslim theology.
(d) Buddhist theology.

5. What had happened by 235 CE?
(a) The power of the Christian church had ended.
(b) The Christian church had spread to the Americas.
(c) The Christian church had been banned from the Roman Empire.
(d) The Christian church had become one of the most important religions in the Roman Empire and a bastion of stability.

Short Answer Questions

1. A similar intellectual movement developed among the Jews in the Islamic empire who did not accept the doctrine of ____________.

2. Once "God" is presumed to exist as a separate external entity, humans can _____________.

3. This competing philosophy formed the basis of the theology of __________.

4. What was the belief in question?

5. What is the belief stated in this doctrine?

Short Essay Questions

1. What ideas were being developed by Jews in Europe at this time?

2. Describe the life of Muhammad prior to his epiphany.

3. Why did many European scholars flock to Spain during the twelfth century?

4. Describe Christian mysticism in Northern Europe.

5. What are the differences regarding mysticism in the Christian church?

6. What does Armstrong say about Islam after Muhammad's death?

7. Describe the weakening of Islam during the fifteenth century, as well as a resurgence of conservatism.

8. What led to a rift with the Quraysh? To what did this rift lead?

9. What does Armstrong say about the development of the philosophic theories in the Arab culture during the ninth century?

10. What happened at Medina?

(see the answer keys)

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