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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The scientific work of Charles Darwin and the writings of Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud led to the conclusion that ____________.
(a) The traditional religions were blasphemous.
(b) The traditional religions were correct.
(c) The traditional religions were completely inaccurate.
(d) The traditional religions were now inadequate.

2. Armstrong asserts that the type of God who ____________ is obviously not pertinent nor desirable in modern society?
(a) Is seen as a Father.
(b) Stands in judgment of the individual.
(c) Is loving.
(d) Is a protector.

3. Some scholars suggest that the decline of Muslim science marked the beginning of ____________.
(a) The decline of Islam.
(b) Decadence in Islam.
(c) Conservatism in Islam.
(d) A resurgence in Islam.

4. By 1492, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain had fallen to ____________.
(a) The Christian forces of Franz Ferdinand.
(b) The Christian forces of Pope John Paul.
(c) The Christian forces of Constantine.
(d) The Christian forces of Ferdinand and Isabella.

5. The medieval forms of religion erupted into fragmented sects and belief systems, led by such reformers as ____________.
(a) Baruch and Wesley.
(b) Luther and Wesley.
(c) Luther and Calvin.
(d) Calvin and Wesley.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1626, a wealthy Sephardic Jew in Symrna, called Shabbetai Zevi, started a movement in which he declared ____________.

2. Nietzsche proclaimed that God ____________.

3. More and more writers and philosophers struggle to develop ideas which might replace ____________.

4. Karen Armstrong suggests that all of these types of movements in these three religions are ____________.

5. The new religion of Deism became known as ____________.

(see the answer keys)

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