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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Catholic church distinguished itself when Pope Innocent VIII promulgated a Papal Bull in 1484. What did this start?
(a) The awful witch hunt craze that lasted for two hundred years.
(b) The murder of all infant boys.
(c) The killing of all non-Christians.
(d) The first Holocaust.

2. In 1626, a wealthy Sephardic Jew in Symrna, called Shabbetai Zevi, started a movement in which he declared ____________.
(a) The Messiah was Jesus Christ.
(b) The Messiah had come to the Americas.
(c) He was the Son of the Messiah.
(d) He was the Messiah and that redemption was at hand.

3. What did this mystical tradition describe?
(a) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of ten heavens.
(b) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of seven heavens.
(c) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of five heavens.
(d) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of heaven.

4. The first Zionists essentially follow a religion without ____________.
(a) Rules.
(b) The Son of God.
(c) A religious text.
(d) A God.

5. The focal point for the new spirituality was in the town of ____________.
(a) Medina.
(b) Jerusalem.
(c) Mecca.
(d) Safed in Galilee.

6. Who was a Dutch Jew who had become discontented with the ideas in the Torah and joined a group of Gentile freethinkers, which led to his expulsion from the synagogue of Amsterdam?
(a) Immanuel Kant.
(b) Moses Mendolssohn.
(c) Max Bruch.
(d) Baruch Spinoza.

7. The principles of Kabbalism were enunciated in _____________, a text written in 1275 by the Spanish mystic Moses of Leon.
(a) The Kallah.
(b) The Zorba.
(c) The Koran.
(d) The Zohar.

8. By the end of ____________century, there was a widespread belief among most modern societies that humankind could exert control over the natural world and replace the old sanctities with fresh and new ideas?
(a) The seventeenth.
(b) The fifteenth.
(c) The fourteenth.
(d) The sixteenth.

9. In the Western world, the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries saw the development of entirely new cultures stemming from ____________.
(a) The Medieval Period.
(b) The Northern Renaissance.
(c) The Baroque Period.
(d) The Italian Renaissance and the beginning of the scientific discoveries.

10. The Muslims experienced problems with what passages in the Koran?
(a) Where man was described as exhibiting human acts such as "hearing" and judging.
(b) Where God was described as exhibiting human acts such as "hearing" and judging.
(c) Where man was described as divine.
(d) Where God was described as divine.

11. Advances in Western science led to ____________.
(a) An end to religion.
(b) The exile of all non-Christians in Europe.
(c) A reexamination of the Christian religion and even to questioning the existence of God.
(d) An exiting of thousands from the Christian religion.

12. The classic texts of this form of Judaic mysticism were written ____________.
(a) In Jerusalem in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(b) In Canaan in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(c) In Assyria in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(d) In Babylon in the fifth and sixth centuries.

13. Why is a personal God necessary?
(a) Mankind does not like to be alone.
(b) Humanity needs a divine companion.
(c) As a stage of moral development in enshrining the values of society and thus conformance to its mores.
(d) Mankind is only interested in those like oneself.

14. When John Wesley sailed to the New World colony of Georgia in 1735, he was greatly impressed by ____________.
(a) Buddhist monks.
(b) Mormon missionaries.
(c) Franciscan missionaries.
(d) Missionaries from a Moravian sect.

15. In Judaism, mysticism developed in the second and third centuries starting with ____________.
(a) The Throne Mysticism.
(b) The God Incarnate.
(c) The Throne of God.
(d) The God of Mysticism.

Short Answer Questions

1. Now Europe split into two warring armies. Who were these warring groups?

2. Was the idea of a personal God developed by all three of the monotheistic religions?

3. The effect of this behavior towards Jewish people was ____________.

4. Armstrong describes a similar wave of religious fervor, which swept through New England in the 1730's and which became known as ____________.

5. In _________, a group of Jews, called Zionists, fled from Russia and settled in Palestine.

(see the answer keys)

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