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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The instability and lack of self-esteem in the Islamic culture, has resulted in ____________.
(a) The modern liberalism in that culture which prevails in the modern world.
(b) The modern fundamentalism in that culture which exists in some areas of the modern world.
(c) The modern fundamentalism in that culture which prevails in the modern world.
(d) The modern liberalism in that culture which exists in some areas of the modern world.

2. In _________, a group of Jews, called Zionists, fled from Russia and settled in Palestine.
(a) 1882.
(b) 1982.
(c) 1782.
(d) 1682.

3. What does Armstrong notice is happening to the churches in Europe?
(a) They are emptying.
(b) They are filling.
(c) They are rebuilding.
(d) They are changing.

4. The first Zionists essentially follow a religion without ____________.
(a) Rules.
(b) A religious text.
(c) The Son of God.
(d) A God.

5. What did this mystical tradition describe?
(a) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of ten heavens.
(b) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of five heavens.
(c) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of heaven.
(d) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of seven heavens.

6. Implied in these modifications in the traditional religions and their concepts of God is the notion that ____________.
(a) The way forward might be in a unification of the concept of the deity.
(b) The way forward might be in an ending of the concept of the deity.
(c) The way forward might be in a separation of the concept of the deity.
(d) The way forward might be in conflicting ideas of the concept of the deity.

7. What is a spiritual longing for the redemption of Israel as foretold by the ancient prophets?
(a) Sufism.
(b) Enlightenment.
(c) Safedism.
(d) Kabbalism.

8. Karen Armstrong suggests that all of these types of movements in these three religions are ____________.
(a) An understanding of God.
(b) A union with God.
(c) An acceptance of God.
(d) A retreat from God.

9. The effect of this behavior towards Jewish people was ____________.
(a) To end Kabbalism.
(b) To return to a traditional form of Kabbalism.
(c) To evoke a new form of Kabbalism.
(d) To begin Kabbalism.

10. The classic texts of this form of Judaic mysticism were written ____________.
(a) In Jerusalem in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(b) In Assyria in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(c) In Babylon in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(d) In Canaan in the fifth and sixth centuries.

11. In the west the Christian form of mysticism rested not on imagery, but on ____________.
(a) Constant prayer and recitation of Scripture.
(b) Dancing and singing.
(c) The silent, inward experience, where the contemplative had to pass beyond language and the conscious mind.
(d) Speaking in tongues.

12. Was the idea of a personal God developed by all three of the monotheistic religions?
(a) No, only the Christians.
(b) Yes.
(c) No, only the Muslims.
(d) No, only the Jews.

13. What question is asked but not answered at the end of this book?
(a) Who God is.
(b) What religion is the best.
(c) What will happen if fundamentalism continues.
(d) The form that this inherent trait of humankind will take.

14. The medieval forms of religion erupted into fragmented sects and belief systems, led by such reformers as ____________.
(a) Luther and Calvin.
(b) Luther and Wesley.
(c) Calvin and Wesley.
(d) Baruch and Wesley.

15. What movement does Armstrong identify as a possible direction for a new philosophy for religion and God?
(a) The Islamic movement of the Falsufahs.
(b) The Quaker movement.
(c) The Orthodox Jewish movement.
(d) The Christian Fundamentalist movement.

Short Answer Questions

1. Was tolerance of other religions was evident in Christian Spain?

2. What are becoming more and more prevalent in Europe today?

3. What is an inherent danger in a personal God?

4. Nietzsche proclaimed that God ____________.

5. In Europe, scientists such as _______________, published their own theories as to the meaning and role of God in modern life, while, in England, the physicist Isaac Newton extended his opus magnus "Philosophiae Natruralis Principia" to prove God's existence.

(see the answer keys)

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