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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Advances in Western science led to ____________.
(a) A reexamination of the Christian religion and even to questioning the existence of God.
(b) An end to religion.
(c) An exiting of thousands from the Christian religion.
(d) The exile of all non-Christians in Europe.

2. In Judaism, mysticism developed in the second and third centuries starting with ____________.
(a) The Throne of God.
(b) The God Incarnate.
(c) The Throne Mysticism.
(d) The God of Mysticism.

3. What did this mystical tradition describe?
(a) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of ten heavens.
(b) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of heaven.
(c) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of seven heavens.
(d) A journey to the Throne of God through the mythical realm of five heavens.

4. Why is a personal God necessary?
(a) Mankind does not like to be alone.
(b) Humanity needs a divine companion.
(c) As a stage of moral development in enshrining the values of society and thus conformance to its mores.
(d) Mankind is only interested in those like oneself.

5. The scientific work of Charles Darwin and the writings of Marx, Nietzsche, and Freud led to the conclusion that ____________.
(a) The traditional religions were completely inaccurate.
(b) The traditional religions were correct.
(c) The traditional religions were blasphemous.
(d) The traditional religions were now inadequate.

6. Western secularism and the rising dominance of industrialized European countries had a profound effect on ____________.
(a) Politics.
(b) Americans.
(c) The Muslim religion.
(d) The environment.

7. In Europe, scientists such as _______________, published their own theories as to the meaning and role of God in modern life, while, in England, the physicist Isaac Newton extended his opus magnus "Philosophiae Natruralis Principia" to prove God's existence.
(a) Jacques Pascal and Renee Descartes.
(b) Blaise Pascal and Renee Descartes.
(c) Jacques Pascal and Rene Magritte.
(d) Blaise Pascal and Rene Magritte.

8. The Safavids rose up in Iran, and the Moghul Empire emerged ____________.
(a) In Nepal.
(b) In China.
(c) In India.
(d) In Pakistan.

9. In _________, a group of Jews, called Zionists, fled from Russia and settled in Palestine.
(a) 1882.
(b) 1782.
(c) 1982.
(d) 1682.

10. The Catholic church distinguished itself when Pope Innocent VIII promulgated a Papal Bull in 1484. What did this start?
(a) The killing of all non-Christians.
(b) The murder of all infant boys.
(c) The awful witch hunt craze that lasted for two hundred years.
(d) The first Holocaust.

11. Karen Armstrong suggests that all of these types of movements in these three religions are ____________.
(a) An acceptance of God.
(b) A union with God.
(c) An understanding of God.
(d) A retreat from God.

12. The classic texts of this form of Judaic mysticism were written ____________.
(a) In Assyria in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(b) In Canaan in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(c) In Babylon in the fifth and sixth centuries.
(d) In Jerusalem in the fifth and sixth centuries.

13. The principle of "being born again" and the practice of mysticism-for-everyone resulted, occasionally, in violent ecstasies as witnessed in the gatherings of ____________.
(a) Pennsylvania Dutch and the Amish.
(b) Mennonites and Quakers.
(c) Quakers and Shakers.
(d) Shakers and German Baptists.

14. Kabbalists used _______________ between the essence of God and the God who is revealed by the reality of creation.
(a) The Vedic and Neopolitan distinction.
(b) The Vedic and Neoplatonic distinction.
(c) The Gnostic and Neoplatonic distinction.
(d) The Gnostic and Neoclassical distinction.

15. What removes God from the personal human category to transcend the human attributes?
(a) Fundamental traditions.
(b) Personal traditions.
(c) Mystical traditions.
(d) Unusual traditions.

Short Answer Questions

1. Christianity attempted to qualify the highly personalized cult of God incarnate by introducing ____________.

2. In this chapter Karen Armstrong outlines the developments in the nineteenth century which led to ____________.

3. The focal point for the new spirituality was in the town of ____________.

4. What approach to religion does Armstrong advocate?

5. What question is asked but not answered at the end of this book?

(see the answer keys)

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