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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The Muslims experienced problems with what passages in the Koran?
(a) Where God was described as divine.
(b) Where God was described as exhibiting human acts such as "hearing" and judging.
(c) Where man was described as divine.
(d) Where man was described as exhibiting human acts such as "hearing" and judging.

2. The principle of "being born again" and the practice of mysticism-for-everyone resulted, occasionally, in violent ecstasies as witnessed in the gatherings of ____________.
(a) Mennonites and Quakers.
(b) Shakers and German Baptists.
(c) Quakers and Shakers.
(d) Pennsylvania Dutch and the Amish.

3. What is the phenomenon which emerged contemporaneously with the rationalization of the Enlightenment?
(a) The "religion of the mind."
(b) The "religion of the soul."
(c) The "religion of the heart."
(d) The "religion of the people."

4. When John Wesley sailed to the New World colony of Georgia in 1735, he was greatly impressed by ____________.
(a) Buddhist monks.
(b) Missionaries from a Moravian sect.
(c) Mormon missionaries.
(d) Franciscan missionaries.

5. The history of the emergence of the Judaic scriptures can be interpreted as ____________.
(a) The refinement and later acceptance of the transpersonal Yahweh.
(b) The refinement and later abandonment of the tribal and personalized Yahweh.
(c) The refinement and later abandonment of the transpersonal Yahweh.
(d) The refinement and later acceptance of the tribal and personalized Yahweh.

6. Darwin's ORIGIN OF THE SPECIES seemed to ____________.
(a) Support the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(b) Question the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(c) Enhance the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(d) Negate the story of the Creation in Genesis.

7. Was tolerance of other religions was evident in Christian Spain?
(a) Yes.
(b) No.
(c) Somewhat.
(d) Frequently.

8. By the end of ____________century, there was a widespread belief among most modern societies that humankind could exert control over the natural world and replace the old sanctities with fresh and new ideas?
(a) The fifteenth.
(b) The seventeenth.
(c) The fourteenth.
(d) The sixteenth.

9. What movement does Armstrong identify as a possible direction for a new philosophy for religion and God?
(a) The Islamic movement of the Falsufahs.
(b) The Orthodox Jewish movement.
(c) The Christian Fundamentalist movement.
(d) The Quaker movement.

10. To what common element does Armstrong point in all the progressive developments in the Jewish, Christian, and Islamic religions and, in the same vein, includes the introduction of the Buddhist worship of the Bodhisattvas?
(a) Rules.
(b) Compassion.
(c) Fear.
(d) Obedience.

11. Who was the German philosopher who propounded the liberal ideas of the Enlightenment and paved the way for Judaism to enter the arena of modern Europe?
(a) Max Bruch.
(b) Moses Mendolssohn.
(c) Oskar Schindler.
(d) Baruch Spinoza.

12. In the Eastern church the experience of God was characterized as being like ____________.
(a) Sunbeams that can be seen by humans without them observing the sun, the source of the light.
(b) Rainbows and doves in the sky.
(c) Raindrops on the soil.
(d) Thunder and lightning.

13. Sigmund Freud considered belief in a God as ____________.
(a) Understandable.
(b) An illusion.
(c) Unusual.
(d) Typical.

14. What is a spiritual longing for the redemption of Israel as foretold by the ancient prophets?
(a) Enlightenment.
(b) Sufism.
(c) Safedism.
(d) Kabbalism.

15. Advances in Western science led to ____________.
(a) A reexamination of the Christian religion and even to questioning the existence of God.
(b) An exiting of thousands from the Christian religion.
(c) An end to religion.
(d) The exile of all non-Christians in Europe.

Short Answer Questions

1. The development of a Christian mystic tradition blossomed in ____________ century.

2. The Kabbalists still struggled with the problem of ____________.

3. In other parts of the Muslim Empire, the Mongol invasion led to ____________.

4. In 1626, a wealthy Sephardic Jew in Symrna, called Shabbetai Zevi, started a movement in which he declared ____________.

5. In the west the Christian form of mysticism rested not on imagery, but on ____________.

(see the answer keys)

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