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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The focal point for the new spirituality was in the town of ____________.
(a) Jerusalem.
(b) Medina.
(c) Mecca.
(d) Safed in Galilee.

2. The Kabbalists still struggled with the problem of ____________.
(a) Christian intolerance.
(b) Declining membership.
(c) Defining the nature of God.
(d) Jewish mistrust.

3. Armstrong asserts that the type of God who ____________ is obviously not pertinent nor desirable in modern society?
(a) Stands in judgment of the individual.
(b) Is seen as a Father.
(c) Is loving.
(d) Is a protector.

4. What did Nietzsche teach about the Christian God?
(a) He needs to change.
(b) He is absurd and "a crime against life."
(c) He is confused.
(d) He does not understand his people.

5. In other parts of the Muslim Empire, the Mongol invasion led to ____________.
(a) A resurgence of liberalism.
(b) An end to conservatism.
(c) A resurgence of conservatism.
(d) An end to the Muslim Empire.

6. The effect of this behavior towards Jewish people was ____________.
(a) To return to a traditional form of Kabbalism.
(b) To end Kabbalism.
(c) To begin Kabbalism.
(d) To evoke a new form of Kabbalism.

7. The Catholic church distinguished itself when Pope Innocent VIII promulgated a Papal Bull in 1484. What did this start?
(a) The murder of all infant boys.
(b) The first Holocaust.
(c) The killing of all non-Christians.
(d) The awful witch hunt craze that lasted for two hundred years.

8. By 1492, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain had fallen to ____________.
(a) The Christian forces of Ferdinand and Isabella.
(b) The Christian forces of Pope John Paul.
(c) The Christian forces of Constantine.
(d) The Christian forces of Franz Ferdinand.

9. In the same spirit of tolerance and acceptance, what formed an important part of policies of the Moghul emperor in 1560?
(a) Muslim beliefs.
(b) Muslim customs.
(c) Non-Muslim religions.
(d) Muslim sects.

10. The first Zionists essentially follow a religion without ____________.
(a) A religious text.
(b) The Son of God.
(c) Rules.
(d) A God.

11. What removes God from the personal human category to transcend the human attributes?
(a) Mystical traditions.
(b) Personal traditions.
(c) Unusual traditions.
(d) Fundamental traditions.

12. Implied in these modifications in the traditional religions and their concepts of God is the notion that ____________.
(a) The way forward might be in a unification of the concept of the deity.
(b) The way forward might be in conflicting ideas of the concept of the deity.
(c) The way forward might be in a separation of the concept of the deity.
(d) The way forward might be in an ending of the concept of the deity.

13. Darwin's ORIGIN OF THE SPECIES seemed to ____________.
(a) Enhance the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(b) Question the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(c) Negate the story of the Creation in Genesis.
(d) Support the story of the Creation in Genesis.

14. The principles of Kabbalism were enunciated in _____________, a text written in 1275 by the Spanish mystic Moses of Leon.
(a) The Zohar.
(b) The Koran.
(c) The Zorba.
(d) The Kallah.

15. Armstrong describes a similar wave of religious fervor, which swept through New England in the 1730's and which became known as ____________.
(a) Transcendentalism.
(b) The Reformation.
(c) The Enlightenment.
(d) The Great Awakening.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the Eastern church the experience of God was characterized as being like ____________.

2. In the Western world, the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries saw the development of entirely new cultures stemming from ____________.

3. In this chapter Karen Armstrong outlines the developments in the nineteenth century which led to ____________.

4. Nietzsche proclaimed that God ____________.

5. When John Wesley sailed to the New World colony of Georgia in 1735, he was greatly impressed by ____________.

(see the answer keys)

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