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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the west the Christian form of mysticism rested not on imagery, but on ____________.
(a) Speaking in tongues.
(b) Constant prayer and recitation of Scripture.
(c) The silent, inward experience, where the contemplative had to pass beyond language and the conscious mind.
(d) Dancing and singing.

2. In the Eastern church the experience of God was characterized as being like ____________.
(a) Sunbeams that can be seen by humans without them observing the sun, the source of the light.
(b) Raindrops on the soil.
(c) Rainbows and doves in the sky.
(d) Thunder and lightning.

3. The effect of this behavior towards Jewish people was ____________.
(a) To end Kabbalism.
(b) To evoke a new form of Kabbalism.
(c) To begin Kabbalism.
(d) To return to a traditional form of Kabbalism.

4. The medieval forms of religion erupted into fragmented sects and belief systems, led by such reformers as ____________.
(a) Calvin and Wesley.
(b) Baruch and Wesley.
(c) Luther and Wesley.
(d) Luther and Calvin.

5. Despite the conservatism occasioned by the rise of _____________ and the suppression of independent reasoning in the Sunni madrasahs, scholars, such as Mulla Sadr (ca 1571-1640), taught a philosophy that fused metaphysics and spirituality.
(a) The Muslim laws.
(b) The Messiah laws.
(c) The Shari laws.
(d) The Shariah laws.

6. What removes God from the personal human category to transcend the human attributes?
(a) Mystical traditions.
(b) Personal traditions.
(c) Fundamental traditions.
(d) Unusual traditions.

7. By the end of ____________century, there was a widespread belief among most modern societies that humankind could exert control over the natural world and replace the old sanctities with fresh and new ideas?
(a) The sixteenth.
(b) The fourteenth.
(c) The fifteenth.
(d) The seventeenth.

8. The new religion of Deism became known as ____________.
(a) Calvinism.
(b) Lutheran.
(c) Methodist.
(d) Enlightenment.

9. In other parts of the Muslim Empire, the Mongol invasion led to ____________.
(a) An end to the Muslim Empire.
(b) A resurgence of conservatism.
(c) An end to conservatism.
(d) A resurgence of liberalism.

10. Armstrong asserts that the type of God who ____________ is obviously not pertinent nor desirable in modern society?
(a) Is a protector.
(b) Is seen as a Father.
(c) Stands in judgment of the individual.
(d) Is loving.

11. What is the phenomenon which emerged contemporaneously with the rationalization of the Enlightenment?
(a) The "religion of the soul."
(b) The "religion of the heart."
(c) The "religion of the people."
(d) The "religion of the mind."

12. What does Armstrong notice is happening to the churches in Europe?
(a) They are emptying.
(b) They are changing.
(c) They are filling.
(d) They are rebuilding.

13. What is an inherent danger in a personal God?
(a) It leads to multiple misunderstandings.
(b) It leads adherents of a religion to imbue in the Deity their own prejudices and limitations.
(c) It confuses many adherents of a religion.
(d) It leads adherents of a religion to want to blend with other religions.

14. When John Wesley sailed to the New World colony of Georgia in 1735, he was greatly impressed by ____________.
(a) Franciscan missionaries.
(b) Mormon missionaries.
(c) Missionaries from a Moravian sect.
(d) Buddhist monks.

15. The development of a Christian mystic tradition blossomed in ____________ century.
(a) The fifteenth.
(b) The sixteenth.
(c) The fourteenth.
(d) The thirteenth.

Short Answer Questions

1. In 1626, a wealthy Sephardic Jew in Symrna, called Shabbetai Zevi, started a movement in which he declared ____________.

2. What did this mystical tradition describe?

3. What is a spiritual longing for the redemption of Israel as foretold by the ancient prophets?

4. By 1492, the last Muslim stronghold in Spain had fallen to ____________.

5. How did the teachings of the Northern European mystics affect the religious establishment?

(see the answer keys)

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