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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Even by that time the historical facts were being overlaid with mythical elements, which did ___________.
(a) Spread the beliefs of a mad man.
(b) Trick non-believers into thinking Jesus' was the Messiah.
(c) Give Jesus' disciples power over others.
(d) Purported to explain facets of his life in the context of the beliefs of his followers.

2. By resolving the question of whether Jesus was human or divine, Christians inevitably had to conclude that _______.
(a) Jesus was the first and last Word of God.
(b) Jesus was not of our world.
(c) Jesus was the first Word of God.
(d) Jesus was the last Word of God.

3. Prior to Augustine's conversion to Christianity, he had repulsed any idea of __________.
(a) Patience.
(b) Charity.
(c) Chastity.
(d) Purity.

4. In 312 CE, the emperor Constantine _____________.
(a) Attended his first mass.
(b) Threatened to have the Christians exiled.
(c) Tortured Christians.
(d) Converted to Christianity.

5. Muhammad instructed his followers to prostrate themselves in the direction of the Kabah in Mecca instead of at ____________.
(a) Cairo.
(b) Galilea.
(c) Baghdad.
(d) Jerusalem.

6. The early followers of Jesus prayed _____________.
(a) In the temple alongside other Jews.
(b) In their homes.
(c) They did not pray.
(d) In their own temples.

7. In 622 CE, accepting an invitation from the inhabitants of Yathrib, Muhammad and his followers migrated to ______.
(a) What is the modern city of Cairo.
(b) What is the modern city of Jerusalem.
(c) What is the modern city of Baghdad.
(d) What is the modern city of Medina to the north of Mecca.

8. What two philosophers had competing ideas regarding the nature of the Christian God?
(a) Arius and Anathasius.
(b) Augustine and Aurelius.
(c) Arius and Aquinas.
(d) Aquinas and Augustine.

9. Muhammad came under the influence of __________, some of whom were well disposed towards him.
(a) Buddhists.
(b) Christians.
(c) Hindus.
(d) Jews.

10. Bernard's influence outshone that of ____________.
(a) Other priests.
(b) The bourgeoisie.
(c) The Jews and Muslims.
(d) Pope Eugene II and King Louis VII of France.

11. The development of conflicting philosophies of the nature and existence of God took place against the backdrop of ____________.
(a) The Fourth Crusade.
(b) The Second Crusade.
(c) The Third Crusade.
(d) The First Crusade.

12. Once "God" is presumed to exist as a separate external entity, humans can _____________.
(a) Forget about God.
(b) Learn to be more loving and understanding.
(c) Be like God.
(d) Externalize and worship their own prejudices and desires.

13. There was now an emergence of Muslim studies in the fields of ____________.
(a) Astronomy, alchemy, medicine, and mathematics.
(b) Music, art, and literature.
(c) Art, science, and technology.
(d) Astrology, alchemy, and art.

14. To rationalize the shock of his death by crucifixion, his followers subscribed to the belief that ________.
(a) He had not died.
(b) He had died peacefully.
(c) He is seated at the right hand of the Father.
(d) He had risen from death to immortality and that he had been, indeed, the promised Messiah.

15. What did this message lead to?
(a) An agreement with the Faylasufs.
(b) An agreement with the Quraysh in Mecca.
(c) A rift with the Sunnis in Mecca.
(d) A rift with the Quraysh in Mecca.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who is a distinguished Muslim philosopher in Cordova, Spain who had an enormous influence on both Jews and Christians and specifically on theologians such as Thomas Aquinas and Albert the Great?

2. Does the expression "Son of God" bear the same connotation in Hebrew as it does in Greek?

3. What happened almost immediately to the newly established Christian Church in the Roman Empire?

4. How is the Kabah regarded?

5. The Romans, initially regarded Christianity as _____________.

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