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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Possibly under the influence of the collapsing Roman Empire and the consequent beginning of an epoch of chaos, what ideas did Augustine develop?
(a) God as the protector of the Israelites and the Gentiles.
(b) Original sin and the separation of humankind from the perfect God along with the necessity for atonement for sin.
(c) Jesus Christ as the Son of God and God as the Father.
(d) The Ten Commandments and the Lord's Prayer.

2. What tribe was Muhammad a member of?
(a) Sunni.
(b) Mohecan.
(c) Quraysh.
(d) Blackhawk.

3. What is the belief stated in this doctrine?
(a) The world was created by God from nothing.
(b) The world was created by God in seven days.
(c) The world was created by man.
(d) The world was created by accident.

4. A counter movement came into being when the Shiis declared ____________.
(a) God's presence on earth was in the form of a man named Jesus.
(b) God did not exist.
(c) War on the Faylasufs.
(d) God's presence on earth was embodied in some mysterious way by their Imams.

5. What story did Muhammad learn from another cultural group?
(a) The story of Noah and the Ark.
(b) The story of Cain and Abel.
(c) The story of Ishmael, Abraham's eldest son, who had participated in the foundation of the Kabah.
(d) The story of Joseph, Jacob's favorite son.

6. What was considered blasphemous by Jews and later by Muslims?
(a) The Trinity.
(b) The Ark of the Covenant.
(c) Manifest Destiny.
(d) God the Father.

7. Who is Bernard?
(a) An archbishop in the Roman Catholic Church.
(b) The Pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
(c) The abbot of the Cistercian Abby of Clairvaux in Burgundy.
(d) A popular priest in Paris.

8. Initially, Muhammad's message was to warn the Quraysh about ____________.
(a) The coming of Salvation.
(b) The need for grace.
(c) Asking for forgiveness of sins.
(d) Amending their lives and paying less attention to the accumulation of wealth and power.

9. They tried to show that al-Lah was compatible with ____________.
(a) Mysticism.
(b) Their fundamentalist ideals.
(c) A personal God.
(d) Their rationalist's ideals.

10. What did this message lead to?
(a) An agreement with the Faylasufs.
(b) An agreement with the Quraysh in Mecca.
(c) A rift with the Sunnis in Mecca.
(d) A rift with the Quraysh in Mecca.

11. The emergence of the cult of Jesus from the established church of Judaism was accompanied by passionate dispute, and many disciples of Jesus ____________.
(a) Remained within the conventional Jewish faith.
(b) Lost faith in religion.
(c) Left the Jewish faith.
(d) Started their own religion.

12. Why are theories and philosophies not designed to convince unbelievers?
(a) There were, at that point in time, no people called atheists.
(b) All people were Christians.
(c) There were, at that point in time, no people called agnostics.
(d) All people were atheists.

13. Where did the newly founded religion of Christianity spread quickly?
(a) In Europe.
(b) In the middle east.
(c) In Spain.
(d) Places in the Eastern Mediterranean where the Jews of the diaspora had settled.

14. During the twelfth century, European scholars had flocked to Spain to study ____________.
(a) Buddhist theology.
(b) Muslim theology.
(c) Jewish theology.
(d) Christian theology.

15. Does the expression "Son of God" bear the same connotation in Hebrew as it does in Greek?
(a) Somewhat.
(b) Yes.
(c) No.
(d) Almost.

Short Answer Questions

1. After the synod, confusion still reigned in the Christian church with a competing philosophy developing at ________.

2. In the seventh century CE, Muhammad's tribe was emerging from the obscurity of nomadic life in the desert to ________________.

3. Whose preaching resulted in the belief that the newly emerging religion could and should be embraced by the Gentiles?

4. Christianity became the state religion of ___________.

5. Muhammad came under the influence of __________, some of whom were well disposed towards him.

(see the answer keys)

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