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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," the frontier diet was dominated by what single food?
(a) Corn.
(b) Beef.
(c) Pork.
(d) Wheat.

2. In what form did opium become widespread?
(a) Laudanum.
(b) Aspirin.
(c) Cough syrup.
(d) Leaves for smoking.

3. What happened in a famous case in 1870 involving students and their teacher?
(a) The students set their school house on fire, injuring their teacher.
(b) The teacher refused to teach such an unruly group of students.
(c) The students picketed their school and would not attend.
(d) The students stoned the teacher to death.

4. What was a chief concern with train travel in the late 1800s?
(a) Personal safety.
(b) Lost luggage.
(c) Being on schedule.
(d) Overcrowding.

5. How did the teachers in the late 1800s fight the lack of discipline with the students?
(a) They segregated their classes by age.
(b) Corporal punishment.
(c) They refused to teach without help.
(d) Lots of field trips.

Short Answer Questions

1. How long did a typical rural school year last in the late 19th century?

2. In the late 1800s, how did city politics affect the criminal justice system?

3. What was one problem with the police in the post Civil War era?

4. Who managed the insane asylums of the late 1800s?

5. According to Bettmann in "Health," how was insanity regarded?

Short Essay Questions

1. In the late 1800s, what was the most effective way to fight diseases coming to America by ship?

2. In the late 1800s, why were the police not much help in the fight against crime?

3. How was milk treated for consumers when it has been contaminated or spoiled?

4. After the Civil War, how effective were the hospitals at helping the sick and infirm?

5. What was "bogus butter"?

6. How did city politicians add to the crime problem?

7. How did the lack of medical advances affect the population of the post Civil War era?

8. Why were the some ocean liners nicknamed "fever ships" and "floating coffins"?

9. In the late 19th century, how did the lack of a meat-packing industry affect the quality of meat that was available to the general public?

10. In the late 19th century, how did city doctors often do more harm than good to their patients?

(see the answer keys)

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