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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did teaching methods of the late 19th century emphasize?
(a) How to learn a craft.
(b) Recitation and obedience.
(c) Skill mastery.
(d) Memorization of dull facts.

2. Between 1860 and 1890, how much did the crime rate go up?
(a) 445%.
(b) 50%.
(c) 330%.
(d) 200%.

3. Why were foods manipulated with foreign ingredients in the late 19th century?
(a) To better the taste.
(b) For profit.
(c) Because people were trying to make their money go further.
(d) Because real ingredients were scarce.

4. What was "swill" milk?
(a) Milk from goats.
(b) Milk from cows that were fed waste.
(c) Milk that had gone bad.
(d) Milk that was used for medicinal purposes.

5. According to Bettmann in "Education," what was the pitiful education for blacks due to?
(a) Lack of qualified teachers.
(b) Lack of materials.
(c) Lack of desire.
(d) Racism.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Bettmann in "Crime," who was treated the worst in the prison system?

2. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?

3. What was "bogus butter"?

4. Which part of the population got to enjoy the luxuries of ocean liners in the late 19th century?

5. Who were the frontier drunkards in the late 19th century?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was "bogus butter"?

2. What was the extent of the prostitution industry in New York City in the late 19th century?

3. In the late 19th century, how did the lack of a meat-packing industry affect the quality of meat that was available to the general public?

4. In the late 1800s, why were the police not much help in the fight against crime?

5. How was drug addiction so rampant in the average population in the late 1800s?

6. What one food was the frontier diet staple?

7. What type of education did blacks receive during the post Civil War era?

8. How did alcohol affect families on the frontier?

9. In the late 1800s, what was the most effective way to fight diseases coming to America by ship?

10. According to Bettmann in "Travel," how were the below-deck boilers a danger to ferry travelers?

(see the answer keys)

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