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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did the gun laws after the Civil War compound the problem?
(a) Only the frontier lawmen were allowed to carry guns.
(b) The laws enabled known criminals to carry weapons.
(c) The waiting period was too short to buy a weapon.
(d) There were no real gun laws.

2. Prisons in the latter 19th century were regarded as places of:
(a) Crime.
(b) Rehabilitation.
(c) Punishment.
(d) Corruption.

3. What was the biggest problem with the police in the post Civil War era?
(a) Corruption.
(b) The crime rate was too overwhelming.
(c) They did not protect the public.
(d) They had no weapons.

4. Why were ferry accidents in the late 1800s common?
(a) Hidden rocks were a constant threat.
(b) The captains were inept.
(c) The ferries were overcrowded.
(d) With no radar, they often collided in the fog.

5. What percentage of black children received any education at all in 1890?
(a) 10%.
(b) 20%.
(c) 40%.
(d) 30%.

6. What percentage of surgeries in the late 19th century ended in death?
(a) 10%.
(b) 50%.
(c) 25%.
(d) 40%.

7. How were the boilers a danger to the ferries according to Bettmann in "Travel"?
(a) They broke down constantly.
(b) The aged boilers would simply blow up.
(c) They often started fires on board the ferries.
(d) They overheated.

8. Why were foods manipulated with foreign ingredients in the late 19th century?
(a) For profit.
(b) To better the taste.
(c) Because real ingredients were scarce.
(d) Because people were trying to make their money go further.

9. In what form did opium become widespread?
(a) Cough syrup.
(b) Aspirin.
(c) Laudanum.
(d) Leaves for smoking.

10. When was opium introduced?
(a) In the 1850s.
(b) As early as 1840.
(c) 1845.
(d) As early as 1862.

11. What was one common agonizing disease that continued to break out in the South after the Civil War?
(a) Leprosy
(b) Yellow Fever.
(c) Cholera.
(d) Influenza.

12. What was a chief problem of the lower decks of an ocean liner?
(a) Not enough beds.
(b) Lack of proper ventilation.
(c) Improper lighting.
(d) Leaks.

13. In 1890, how many prostitutes were estimated to be living in New York City?
(a) 40,000.
(b) 5,000.
(c) 10,000.
(d) 25,000.

14. What was one effective way to fight disease carried by ships into New York Harbor?
(a) Officials quarantined the entire ship.
(b) Medicine was given immediately.
(c) Doctors were sent on board before the people disembarked.
(d) They sent the ship back to its point of origin.

15. In the late 1800s, how did the poor immigrants cross the ocean?
(a) They had to find passage on container ships.
(b) In the lower decks or "steerage" compartments.
(c) On small, unstable boats.
(d) They worked on the ocean liners.

Short Answer Questions

1. The "protection" and "non-harassment" fees of the police in the late 19th century were a precursor to what later crime force?

2. How were medical advances defined during the Victorian period?

3. In the late 1800s, why would a cop be encouraged to beat up a perpetrator?

4. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," what percentage of people in prison were alcoholics?

5. How did the teachers in the late 1800s fight the lack of discipline with the students?

(see the answer keys)

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