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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How were the prostitution laws enforced in New York City in the late 19th century?
(a) Regularly and vigorously.
(b) They were ignored entirely.
(c) Only loosely.
(d) They were only enforced in certain areas of the city.

2. In 1890, how many prostitutes were estimated to be living in New York City?
(a) 25,000.
(b) 5,000.
(c) 40,000.
(d) 10,000.

3. The "protection" and "non-harassment" fees of the police in the late 19th century were a precursor to what later crime force?
(a) Drug lords.
(b) Gangs.
(c) Mafia.
(d) Street thugs.

4. What were three diseases that ravaged country populations in the post Civil War era?
(a) Influenza, smallpox, lice.
(b) Smallpox, cholera, ague.
(c) Ague, influenza, cancer.
(d) Yellow fever, cholera, influenza.

5. How were the prisoners in the prison system treated in the post Civil War era?
(a) Much as prisoners today are treated.
(b) They were treated according to their crimes.
(c) Like subhuman species.
(d) Although incarcerated they were treated with respect.

6. How did the teachers in the late 1800s fight the lack of discipline with the students?
(a) They refused to teach without help.
(b) They segregated their classes by age.
(c) Lots of field trips.
(d) Corporal punishment.

7. How were the boilers a danger to the ferries according to Bettmann in "Travel"?
(a) They broke down constantly.
(b) The aged boilers would simply blow up.
(c) They often started fires on board the ferries.
(d) They overheated.

8. In the late 19th century, how did families deal with members who had mental illnesses?
(a) They hid them.
(b) They took them for treatment.
(c) They had them sent away.
(d) They drugged them.

9. How long did a typical rural school year last in the late 19th century?
(a) Ten months.
(b) Twelve months.
(c) Only a few months.
(d) Nine months.

10. According to Bettmann in "Health," medical colleges were designed primarily to do what?
(a) Send out qualified physicians to the frontier.
(b) Educate doctors.
(c) Eradicate disease.
(d) Make money off of tuition.

11. What was one effective way to fight disease carried by ships into New York Harbor?
(a) Officials quarantined the entire ship.
(b) Doctors were sent on board before the people disembarked.
(c) Medicine was given immediately.
(d) They sent the ship back to its point of origin.

12. What did the police often do with offending boys in the late 1800s?
(a) Tried to scare them into being law-obiding citizens.
(b) Released them to parents.
(c) Locked them up with adults.
(d) Sent them to Juvenile Hall.

13. According to Bettmann in "Crime," who was treated the worst in the prison system?
(a) Jews.
(b) Italians.
(c) Blacks.
(d) Murderers.

14. According to Bettmann in "Travel," what was often the result of an open-window train car?
(a) Passengers were crime victims at railway stations.
(b) Passengers suffered from insect bites.
(c) Passengers would freeze.
(d) Occupants would choke on smoke from the engine.

15. Who managed the insane asylums of the late 1800s?
(a) Certified professionals.
(b) Religious institutions.
(c) Prison guards.
(d) The state.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the late 1800s, how did city politics affect the criminal justice system?

2. Education in the rural setting in the late 19th century was considered to be:

3. What could the Pullman sleeping car in the late 19th century be compared to?

4. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?

5. What was a chief concern with train travel in the late 1800s?

(see the answer keys)

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