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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How were medical advances defined during the Victorian period?
(a) They did not keep pace with technological advances.
(b) They were considered a boom during this time.
(c) Medical breakthroughs were common.
(d) Medical advances were few but very helpful.

2. How was meat transported in the late 1800s?
(a) Live, on rail.
(b) Packaged in refrigerated rail cars.
(c) Packaged and delivered by the meat-packers.
(d) In refrigerated trucks.

3. What was the primary cause of surgical deaths after the Civil War?
(a) Heart attack.
(b) Infection.
(c) Lack of anesthesia.
(d) Ineptitude.

4. What was a chief concern with train travel in the late 1800s?
(a) Lost luggage.
(b) Overcrowding.
(c) Being on schedule.
(d) Personal safety.

5. When was opium introduced?
(a) 1845.
(b) In the 1850s.
(c) As early as 1862.
(d) As early as 1840.

6. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?
(a) Starved and sickly.
(b) Fattened up by feed.
(c) Fattened up by steroids.
(d) Tainted with disease.

7. Education in the rural setting in the late 19th century was considered to be:
(a) A good way to keep children occupied.
(b) Important.
(c) Optional.
(d) A waste of time.

8. What did teaching methods of the late 19th century emphasize?
(a) Recitation and obedience.
(b) Memorization of dull facts.
(c) How to learn a craft.
(d) Skill mastery.

9. In the late 1800s, how did the poor immigrants cross the ocean?
(a) In the lower decks or "steerage" compartments.
(b) They worked on the ocean liners.
(c) On small, unstable boats.
(d) They had to find passage on container ships.

10. Between 1860 and 1890, how much did the crime rate go up?
(a) 330%.
(b) 200%.
(c) 50%.
(d) 445%.

11. In the late 1800s, why would a cop be encouraged to beat up a perpetrator?
(a) To have something to show in court.
(b) They were awarded for violence.
(c) Violence was the only control they had.
(d) Self defense.

12. According to Bettmann in "Education," what was the pitiful education for blacks due to?
(a) Lack of desire.
(b) Lack of materials.
(c) Racism.
(d) Lack of qualified teachers.

13. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," what percentage of people in prison were alcoholics?
(a) 45%.
(b) 50%.
(c) 30%.
(d) 60%.

14. In the cities in the late 1800s, what did the public health officials do to help stop disease?
(a) Opened clinics.
(b) Quarantined carriers.
(c) Sprayed disinfectant.
(d) Began to clean up public areas.

15. How did people know when a ship in the late 19th century was infected with disease?
(a) The ship came into the harbor but did not anchor.
(b) The captain ran ashore with the news.
(c) The ship flew a yellow flag.
(d) The ship radioed ahead.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was one problem with the police in the post Civil War era?

2. What was blamed for the cholera epidemic in 1832?

3. How did prostitution rings prosper in New York in the late 1800s?

4. What did the police often do with offending boys in the late 1800s?

5. Why were foods manipulated with foreign ingredients in the late 19th century?

(see the answer keys)

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