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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why were foods manipulated with foreign ingredients in the late 19th century?
(a) For profit.
(b) To better the taste.
(c) Because real ingredients were scarce.
(d) Because people were trying to make their money go further.

2. How long did a typical rural school year last in the late 19th century?
(a) Only a few months.
(b) Ten months.
(c) Twelve months.
(d) Nine months.

3. Why did meat deteriorate so quickly in the late 1800s?
(a) It was injected with hormones.
(b) It was injected with coloring dye.
(c) It was left to hang outdoors.
(d) The cows were poorly fed.

4. What phrase describes medical colleges of the late 19th century?
(a) Under-staffed.
(b) Ivy-League schools.
(c) Under-educated.
(d) Diploma-mills.

5. How did parents in the late 1800s react to teachers using necessary classroom discipline?
(a) They began to educate their own children.
(b) They encouraged it.
(c) They fought against it.
(d) They withdrew their children from school.

6. According to Bettmann in "Travel," what was often the result of an open-window train car?
(a) Passengers suffered from insect bites.
(b) Occupants would choke on smoke from the engine.
(c) Passengers were crime victims at railway stations.
(d) Passengers would freeze.

7. In the late 1800s, how were train passengers treated when traveling?
(a) Women were always given seats, whereas men often had to stand.
(b) With the utmost respect.
(c) The passenger's comfort was most important.
(d) Like luggage.

8. Education in the rural setting in the late 19th century was considered to be:
(a) Optional.
(b) A waste of time.
(c) A good way to keep children occupied.
(d) Important.

9. In the late 1800s, what disease affected the city dwellers as well as the frontier people?
(a) Mental illness.
(b) Alcoholism.
(c) Rhumatism.
(d) Malnutrition.

10. What was a chief concern with train travel in the late 1800s?
(a) Personal safety.
(b) Overcrowding.
(c) Lost luggage.
(d) Being on schedule.

11. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?
(a) Starved and sickly.
(b) Fattened up by steroids.
(c) Fattened up by feed.
(d) Tainted with disease.

12. What could the Pullman sleeping car in the late 19th century be compared to?
(a) The luxuries of an ocean liner.
(b) Sleeping in a sardine can.
(c) Sleeping standing up.
(d) Sleeping in a cattle car.

13. According to Bettmann in "Crime," who was treated the worst in the prison system?
(a) Blacks.
(b) Murderers.
(c) Jews.
(d) Italians.

14. What kind of education did a teacher have to have in the late 1800s?
(a) Not even a diploma.
(b) A Teaching certificate.
(c) A Bachelor's degree.
(d) A Master's degree.

15. How did the gun laws after the Civil War compound the problem?
(a) Only the frontier lawmen were allowed to carry guns.
(b) There were no real gun laws.
(c) The waiting period was too short to buy a weapon.
(d) The laws enabled known criminals to carry weapons.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the late 1800s, why was street crime so rampant in the large cities at night?

2. How did people know when a ship in the late 19th century was infected with disease?

3. How did the teachers in the late 1800s fight the lack of discipline with the students?

4. According to Bettmann in "Education," what was the pitiful education for blacks due to?

5. According to Bettmann in "Education," children from different villages in the same classroom invariably led to what?

(see the answer keys)

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