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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. According to Bettmann in "Crime," how did juvenile delinquency affect the large cities?
(a) With rampant kidnappings.
(b) With lack of school attendance.
(c) With large scale gambling.
(d) With organized youth gangs.

2. In the late 1800s, who especially suffered from such a monotonous diet?
(a) Pregnant women.
(b) Children.
(c) Working men.
(d) Women.

3. In the late 1800s, how did the poor immigrants cross the ocean?
(a) On small, unstable boats.
(b) They worked on the ocean liners.
(c) In the lower decks or "steerage" compartments.
(d) They had to find passage on container ships.

4. What phrase describes medical colleges of the late 19th century?
(a) Under-staffed.
(b) Diploma-mills.
(c) Ivy-League schools.
(d) Under-educated.

5. Why were ferry accidents in the late 1800s common?
(a) The ferries were overcrowded.
(b) Hidden rocks were a constant threat.
(c) With no radar, they often collided in the fog.
(d) The captains were inept.

6. How did parents in the late 1800s react to teachers using necessary classroom discipline?
(a) They withdrew their children from school.
(b) They fought against it.
(c) They encouraged it.
(d) They began to educate their own children.

7. Education in the rural setting in the late 19th century was considered to be:
(a) A good way to keep children occupied.
(b) Important.
(c) A waste of time.
(d) Optional.

8. What was a chief problem of the lower decks of an ocean liner?
(a) Lack of proper ventilation.
(b) Not enough beds.
(c) Leaks.
(d) Improper lighting.

9. In the late 1800s, why was street crime so rampant in the large cities at night?
(a) The police did not patrol at night.
(b) The were few alternatives to keep criminals off the streets.
(c) People were not careful and were easy targets.
(d) Streets were poorly lit.

10. In the late 1800s, what disease affected the city dwellers as well as the frontier people?
(a) Malnutrition.
(b) Rhumatism.
(c) Alcoholism.
(d) Mental illness.

11. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," what percentage of people in prison were alcoholics?
(a) 60%.
(b) 50%.
(c) 30%.
(d) 45%.

12. According to Bettmann in "Education," what was the pitiful education for blacks due to?
(a) Lack of materials.
(b) Racism.
(c) Lack of desire.
(d) Lack of qualified teachers.

13. The "protection" and "non-harassment" fees of the police in the late 19th century were a precursor to what later crime force?
(a) Street thugs.
(b) Gangs.
(c) Mafia.
(d) Drug lords.

14. What percentage of surgeries in the late 19th century ended in death?
(a) 50%.
(b) 25%.
(c) 40%.
(d) 10%.

15. What was one common agonizing disease that continued to break out in the South after the Civil War?
(a) Leprosy
(b) Influenza.
(c) Yellow Fever.
(d) Cholera.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the gun laws after the Civil War compound the problem?

2. According to Bettmann in "Food and Drink," in what condition were the cows when they arrived at the slaughterhouse?

3. In 1890, how many prostitutes were estimated to be living in New York City?

4. According to Bettmann in "Health," medical colleges were designed primarily to do what?

5. What was the biggest problem with the police in the post Civil War era?

(see the answer keys)

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