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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 5, Work.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did Bettmann cite as the main reason for the traffic problems in the cities in the late 1800s?
(a) Unpaved roads.
(b) Prevalence of the horse and cart.
(c) Unsynchronized traffic lights.
(d) Too many one-way streets.

2. Why was there such massive overcrowding on Manhattan Island in the late 1800s?
(a) Because of incoming immigrants.
(b) People were too poor to leave the city.
(c) Because of the poor transportation.
(d) Because it was the only place to find work.

3. Why did farmers in the 1880s have to mortgage their land?
(a) No crops.
(b) Debt.
(c) Drought.
(d) Pestilence.

4. According to Bettmann in "Air," many people were cramped together in windowless rooms in the tenements during the summer, causing:
(a) Heat stroke and dehydration.
(b) Many people to flee the cities.
(c) An increase in determination to succeed in the working class.
(d) Landlords to lower rents.

5. In "Housing," what did Bettmann cite as an additional cause of dangerous air quality in homes?
(a) Pesticides.
(b) Industrial soot.
(c) Nearby railroads.
(d) Particles in the air from coal stoves.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the main cause of lung irritation, vomiting and sickness for people in the large cities in the early 19th century?

2. According to Bettmann in "Housing," why did people keep their windows closed even in the heat of summer?

3. In the time after the Civil War, air pollution was:

4. Where were the first apartments constructed?

5. Who was A.T. Stewart?

(see the answer key)

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