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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In the time after the Civil War, humans generated an amazing amount of:
(a) Offspring.
(b) Textiles.
(c) Ingenuity.
(d) Trash.

2. In New York after the Civil War, in what area was the greatest contrast between rich and poor seen?
(a) Clothing.
(b) Housing.
(c) Job security.
(d) Family size.

3. According to "Rural Life," where were children most likely to be on the prairie?
(a) At school.
(b) Boarding school.
(c) Playing games on the farm.
(d) Physically working to help their parents.

4. What was a popular type of big city housing during the late 1800s?
(a) High-rise apartments.
(b) The suburbs.
(c) The brownstone.
(d) Shanties.

5. What kind of work did the young rural girls often find in the cities in the late 1800s?
(a) Selling door to door.
(b) No work was to be found.
(c) In the sweatshops.
(d) Servant help.

Short Answer Questions

1. When the railroads came to a town after the Civil War, where were they placed?

2. In the late 19th century, at what age were most workers forced to stop working due to health problems?

3. In "Air," what was a common misconception about air pollution?

4. According to Bettmann in "Rural Life," why would many young girls leave the country for the promise of the city?

5. In the era after the Civil War, what was the most dangerous sweatshop activity?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did housing reveal the contrast between the rich and the poor in the late 1800s?

2. According to the chapter "Air," what were some of the problems with using a streetcar for transportation?

3. How did many young people in the late 1800s react to seeing the laborious life their parents led?

4. According to Bettman in "Air," how did the lack of a sanitation department contribute to the problem of filth and stench in the cities?

5. In the minds of some, what was the time between the Civil War and the early 1900s known as?

6. Why was child labor so common in the late 1800s?

7. What were some of the back-breaking laborious chores that frontier women had to endure?

8. How did railroads contribute to the pollution and danger for many cities?

9. What caused the local wells on the frontier to become contaminated?

10. Who constructed the first apartment building, and why was it created?

(see the answer keys)

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