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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What idea does Hobsbawm say was just being developed after the turning point of 1830?

2. What was the Bastille a symbol of when the French stormed it in 1789?

3. Where were the French forces superior to the English?

4. What does Hobsbawm say the major European powers agreed on after the French Revolution?

5. What happened that fostered nationalist movements in the Balkans?

Short Essay Questions

1. What role did the cotton market play in the Industrial Revolution, in Hobsbawm's account?

2. Describe the beginnings of the French Revolution, from 1789 to 1792.

3. Why does Hobsbawm say that raw materials like iron and coal did not expand the same way as cotton began to expand in the 1780s?

4. Describe the effect of the Greek revolution on Greece and the region.

5. In Hobsbawm's account, was the Napoleonic War worth the destruction it caused for the economic benefits that followed?

6. What does Hobsbawm say is the difference between revolts and national movements?

7. What does Hobsbawm say was the first wave of revolutions to follow the French Revolution?

8. Who, in Hobsbawm's account, formed the foundation for what Hobsbawm calls "self-conscious' nationalism?

9. How does Hobsbawm say that the nationalistic ideal spread through Europe?

10. What does Hobsbawm say was the second wave of revolutions to follow the French Revolution?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast Communism in the economy and Romanticism in the arts as two responses to industrialization. How are they related? How are they different manifestations of reactions against the same cultural environment?

Essay Topic 2

Revolutions took place for years after the French Revolution, some successful, some not. How would you characterize the legacy of the French Revolution in these other revolutions? Were these revolutions independent occurrences? Were they inspired by or in any way caused by the French Revolution? Or, were they merely reactions against the same cultural developments that had happened in France?

Essay Topic 3

What was the role of the Jews in the Industrial Revolution and French Revolution? How did they participate in the transformation of European society? How did they benefit by it? How was their experience different than other groups' experiences?

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