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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the monarchy do in response to France's financial crisis in the 1780s?
(a) He outsourced the business of governing.
(b) He borrowed from the merchants.
(c) He proposed new taxes.
(d) He called a States General.

2. What quality distinguished the revolutions that took place in 1848 from earlier revolutions, according to Hobsbawm?
(a) They were planned.
(b) They were non-violent.
(c) They were unsuccessful.
(d) They were spontaneous.

3. What trend was Hobsbawm looking for in revolts and revolutions?
(a) Nationalism.
(b) Modernism.
(c) Local traditions.
(d) Indigenosity.

4. What area was affected by what Hobsbawm calls the third wave of revolutions?
(a) The Mediterranean.
(b) Western Europe.
(c) Eastern Europe.
(d) All of Europe.

5. What was the international congress that ruled Europe called?
(a) The European Convention.
(b) The Concert of Europe.
(c) The League of Nations.
(d) The European Assembly.

6. What did the French Revolution demonstrate to the rest of Europe?
(a) That people could rise up to fight for their freedom.
(b) That power will always reside in the aristocracy's hands.
(c) That Europe was not ready for democracy yet.
(d) That tyrants could use popular uprisings for their own purposes.

7. What emerged in 1830, according to Hobsbawm's evaluation?
(a) State surveillance techniques.
(b) A permanently poor underclass.
(c) A self-identified working class.
(d) Mechanisms for suppressing revolutions.

8. Who dominated the Orthodox Church in 1848?
(a) Poland.
(b) Greece.
(c) Russia.
(d) Turkey.

9. How did the concept of nationalism spread through Europe?
(a) From east to west.
(b) From north to south.
(c) From west to east.
(d) From France outward in every direction.

10. In what way does Hobsbawm say the world was smaller in 1789?
(a) Hobsbawm says that the families were smaller.
(b) Hobsbawm says that the cities were smaller.
(c) Hobsbawm says that the Earth was smaller.
(d) Hobsbawm says that the population was smaller.

11. Where were the French forces superior to the English?
(a) In the navy.
(b) In the colonies.
(c) In the mountains.
(d) In the army.

12. In what way does Hobsbawm say the world of 1789 was bigger than today?
(a) Hobsbawm says that much of the Earth was still unexplored.
(b) Hobsbawm says that distances seemed much bigger than today.
(c) Hobsbawm says that people were bigger than today.
(d) Hobsbawm says that the population was bigger than today.

13. Which nation led the others in industrialization?
(a) France.
(b) Britain.
(c) Russia.
(d) Prussia.

14. What was the French National Assembly modeled on?
(a) The British House of Lords.
(b) The British House of Commons.
(c) The American Senate.
(d) The American House of Representatives.

15. What was the result of improvements in the technology of spinning and weaving?
(a) Decreased need for labor.
(b) Decreased farm size.
(c) Increased output.
(d) Increased tax revenue from the cotton trade.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who dominated the Third Estate in the 1780s in France?

2. What was the Code of Napoleon?

3. In what did England lead Europe, in Hobsbawm's account?

4. What was abolished in the wake of Napoleon's victories?

5. In what fields were cultural developments being made fastest in the late 1700s, according to Hobsbawm?

(see the answer keys)

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