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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What crucial event does Hobsbawm say took place during the period after the French Revolution?
(a) The abolition of the slave trade.
(b) The development of paper currency.
(c) The discovery of Australia.
(d) The invention of the cotton gin.

2. Which nation led the others in industrialization?
(a) Russia.
(b) France.
(c) Britain.
(d) Prussia.

3. What area was affected by what Hobsbawm calls the third wave of revolutions?
(a) All of Europe.
(b) The Mediterranean.
(c) Eastern Europe.
(d) Western Europe.

4. Where does Hobsbawm say the first wave of revolutions took place after the French Revolution?
(a) In Asia.
(b) In the Mediterranean.
(c) In Eastern Europe.
(d) In the Americas.

5. What was the effect of the nobility trying to return to government in France?
(a) They weakened the government.
(b) They made the government more efficient.
(c) They widened the gap between rich and poor.
(d) They inflamed tensions with the merchant class.

6. What does Hobsbawm say was the greatest influence on political thought in the 19th century?
(a) The Renaissance.
(b) The Industrial Revolution.
(c) The ancient Greeks.
(d) The French Revolution.

7. What does Hobsbawm say the major European powers agreed on after the French Revolution?
(a) Revolutionary movements should be contained.
(b) Revolutions should be a way of eliminating the aristocrats.
(c) Revolutions should be used to reinforce the ruling class.
(d) Revolutions should be used as tools for developing nationalism.

8. How did the concept of nationalism spread through Europe?
(a) From France outward in every direction.
(b) From west to east.
(c) From north to south.
(d) From east to west.

9. What happened that fostered nationalist movements in the Balkans?
(a) The Turks invaded, uniting the Balkan states against them.
(b) Greeks began to flee to the Balkans to get away from the fighting in Greece.
(c) The Russians opened trade with the Balkan areas.
(d) The Greeks attained independence and fixed borders.

10. Which areas were best connected, according to Hobsbawm?
(a) The farm country.
(b) The mountains.
(c) The seacoasts.
(d) The islands.

11. What was the French National Assembly modeled on?
(a) The American House of Representatives.
(b) The British House of Lords.
(c) The American Senate.
(d) The British House of Commons.

12. Why didn't disagreements between nations reach the level of international war?
(a) Because the populaces had all been decimated.
(b) Because the treaties signed after the French Revolution forbade it.
(c) Because the nations were bound by alliances.
(d) Because there was a relative balance of powers.

13. Who was represented by the "Third Estate" in France?
(a) The nobles.
(b) The bourgeoisie.
(c) The common people.
(d) The merchants.

14. What does Hobsbawm call the Industrial Revolution?
(a) "preparation for some of the greatest changes mankind would know."
(b) "the beginning of the modern age."
(c) "the end of classical Europe."
(d) "the most important event in world history."

15. What group does Hobsbawm say typified the revolutionary groups that became active in 1848?
(a) The Chartists.
(b) The Carbonari.
(c) The Jacobins.
(d) The Luddites.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who dominated the Orthodox Church in 1848?

2. Which nation ruled most of Asia in the late 1700s?

3. What, in Hobsbawm's view, was the economic result of the French Revolution?

4. In what did England lead Europe, in Hobsbawm's account?

5. In what fields were cultural developments being made fastest in the late 1700s, according to Hobsbawm?

(see the answer keys)

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