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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was the international congress that ruled Europe called?
(a) The Concert of Europe.
(b) The European Convention.
(c) The League of Nations.
(d) The European Assembly.

2. Which class does Hobsbawm say published and circulated native-language publications?
(a) Urban presses.
(b) Ex-patriate presses.
(c) The universities.
(d) Local presses.

3. What was abolished in the wake of Napoleon's victories?
(a) Aristocracy.
(b) Colonialism.
(c) Feudalism.
(d) Monarchy.

4. What did the nobility do when France became a Constitutional monarchy?
(a) They fled to other monarchies.
(b) They turned their estates into communes.
(c) They organized resistance within France.
(d) They helped turn over their wealth and the Church's wealth to the people.

5. What trend was Hobsbawm looking for in revolts and revolutions?
(a) Local traditions.
(b) Indigenosity.
(c) Nationalism.
(d) Modernism.

6. In what did England lead Europe, in Hobsbawm's account?
(a) Political freedoms.
(b) Moral philosophy.
(c) Per capita trade.
(d) Raw material production.

7. When does Hobsbawm say the second wave of revolutions took place?
(a) 1825.
(b) 1815.
(c) 1840.
(d) 1830s.

8. What was the French National Assembly modeled on?
(a) The American Senate.
(b) The British House of Commons.
(c) The British House of Lords.
(d) The American House of Representatives.

9. Where did Russia expand its relationships after the French Revolution?
(a) The Caucasus.
(b) China.
(c) Japan.
(d) Greece.

10. What does Hobsbawm call the Industrial Revolution?
(a) "the beginning of the modern age."
(b) "the end of classical Europe."
(c) "preparation for some of the greatest changes mankind would know."
(d) "the most important event in world history."

11. How does Hobsbawm describe the agrarian workers of the world?
(a) He says they were unfree.
(b) He says they were part-owners in the estates.
(c) He says they were efficient.
(d) He says they were united.

12. What was the age of scientific and political progress in the 1700s called?
(a) The Renaissance.
(b) The Romantic period.
(c) Modernism.
(d) The Enlightenment.

13. What does Hobsbawm say revolts turned against in this period?
(a) Aristocratic rule.
(b) Absentee landlords.
(c) Alien rule.
(d) Mercantile colonialism.

14. What relationship had begun to dominate between landowners and farmers in England in the late 1700s?
(a) Communal ownership.
(b) Lord and vassal.
(c) Frontiersmen were opening new lands in Europe.
(d) Landlord and tenant-farmer.

15. Who invested in the railroads, in Hobsbawm's account?
(a) Merchants and investors.
(b) All strata of society invested in the railroads.
(c) Nobles and aristocrats.
(d) The working classes.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where were the French forces defeated in 1815?

2. Where were the French forces defeated in 1814?

3. Europe was ruled by Britain, France, Austria, Prussia and which nation?

4. What cause did Russia and Britain disagree over after the French Revolution?

5. Where, according to Hobsbawm, did a national movement come from the masses?

(see the answer keys)

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