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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did the French Revolution demonstrate to the rest of Europe?
(a) That power will always reside in the aristocracy's hands.
(b) That tyrants could use popular uprisings for their own purposes.
(c) That Europe was not ready for democracy yet.
(d) That people could rise up to fight for their freedom.

2. What does Hobsbawm call the Industrial Revolution?
(a) "the end of classical Europe."
(b) "the most important event in world history."
(c) "the beginning of the modern age."
(d) "preparation for some of the greatest changes mankind would know."

3. What was the French National Assembly modeled on?
(a) The British House of Lords.
(b) The American House of Representatives.
(c) The British House of Commons.
(d) The American Senate.

4. In what way does Hobsbawm say the world of 1789 was bigger than today?
(a) Hobsbawm says that distances seemed much bigger than today.
(b) Hobsbawm says that the population was bigger than today.
(c) Hobsbawm says that people were bigger than today.
(d) Hobsbawm says that much of the Earth was still unexplored.

5. What was the international congress that ruled Europe called?
(a) The European Assembly.
(b) The Concert of Europe.
(c) The European Convention.
(d) The League of Nations.

6. Who dominated the Orthodox Church in 1848?
(a) Greece.
(b) Poland.
(c) Russia.
(d) Turkey.

7. What was the Bastille a symbol of when the French stormed it in 1789?
(a) The radical element.
(b) The monarchy.
(c) The bourgeoisie.
(d) The free market.

8. How does Hobsbawm describe the agrarian workers of the world?
(a) He says they were united.
(b) He says they were unfree.
(c) He says they were efficient.
(d) He says they were part-owners in the estates.

9. In what did England lead Europe, in Hobsbawm's account?
(a) Political freedoms.
(b) Per capita trade.
(c) Raw material production.
(d) Moral philosophy.

10. What area was affected by what Hobsbawm calls the third wave of revolutions?
(a) Western Europe.
(b) Eastern Europe.
(c) All of Europe.
(d) The Mediterranean.

11. What did the nobility do when France became a Constitutional monarchy?
(a) They helped turn over their wealth and the Church's wealth to the people.
(b) They turned their estates into communes.
(c) They organized resistance within France.
(d) They fled to other monarchies.

12. What cause did Russia and Britain disagree over after the French Revolution?
(a) The independence of Turkey.
(b) The independence of Poland.
(c) The independence of Finland.
(d) The independence of Greece.

13. What was Robespierre's role in the Reign of Terror?
(a) He incited the people to carry it out.
(b) He conceived the idea for it.
(c) He oversaw it.
(d) He was persecuted by it.

14. What does Hobsbawm say revolutionary groups had in common across Europe in 1848?
(a) They all portrayed themselves as fighting for freedom against tyranny.
(b) They all wanted to make their revolution a permanent part of society.
(c) They were all inspired to eliminate monarchies.
(d) They saw themselves as the benefactors of the common people.

15. What was abolished in the wake of Napoleon's victories?
(a) Monarchy.
(b) Colonialism.
(c) Aristocracy.
(d) Feudalism.

Short Answer Questions

1. What quality distinguished the revolutions that took place in 1848 from earlier revolutions, according to Hobsbawm?

2. What trend was Hobsbawm looking for in revolts and revolutions?

3. What does Hobsbawm say is the dual root of nationalism in Europe?

4. Who does Hobsbawm say identified themselves with local traditions?

5. Which class does Hobsbawm say published and circulated native-language publications?

(see the answer keys)

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