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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How did Hobsbawm characterize the change in the way that people related to the land, and the way land was related to the economy?
(a) As the most lucrative development of the period.
(b) As the least forgivable development of the period.
(c) As the most catastrophic phenomenon of the period.
(d) As the least recognized phenomenon of the period.

2. Where were Protestant sects at the head of religious revivals?
(a) Russia.
(b) France and Spain.
(c) Austria and Prussia.
(d) Britain and America.

3. What role did Chartists play in politics?
(a) They disrupted the political process.
(b) They agitated for liberal politicians.
(c) They were elected to local councils.
(d) They agitated for conservative politicians.

4. When, in Hobsbawm's opinion, did the rate of change begin to increase quickly?
(a) 1815.
(b) 1832.
(c) 1848.
(d) 1830.

5. Where was Chartism an active part of the political landscape?
(a) France.
(b) Austria.
(c) Prussia.
(d) Britain.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the people in political power react to middle class ideology, in Hobsbawm's account?

2. What began to develop as industrialism developed in Europe?

3. What capability was open to the middle class, as a result of the age of revolutions, that was not open before the revolutions?

4. Why, according to Hobsbawm, did land reform take place in France?

5. How was Beethoven's Eroica connected to the politics of Beethoven's time, in Hobsbawm's account?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Hobsbawm describe France's effect on land reform?

2. What opportunities were open because of the Industrial Revolution that were not open before, in Hobsbawm's account?

3. Why does Hobsbawm describe the changing use of the landscape "the most catastrophic phenomenon" of the period?

4. What does Hobsbawm say was the third kind of secular thought that developed during the middle of the nineteenth century?

5. What does Hobsbawm say labor organizers were promising workers, as the gap between rich and poor grew?

6. What role did religion serve, even as Europe was becoming more secular?

7. Why, in Hobsbawm's account, was Britain the only industrialized nation in 1848?

8. How does Hobsbawm say religion was changing after the French Revolution?

9. Who does Hobsbawm say was most receptive to Romanticism, and why?

10. How, in Hobsbawm's account, did European land reforms fare in other places?

(see the answer keys)

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