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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What motive does Hobsbawm say would have to motivate the new owners of the land, if the land were going to develop economically?
(a) The profit motive.
(b) The urge to power.
(c) Altruism.
(d) Communist sympathy.

2. What was the one nation Hobsbawm says could have been considered industrialized in 1848?
(a) America.
(b) France.
(c) Britain.
(d) Russia.

3. What fell away as industrialism developed in Europe?
(a) Sons following into their fathers' professions.
(b) Apprenticeship.
(c) Secularism.
(d) Protestantism.

4. How were the working classes influenced by religion after the French Revolution?
(a) The were less influenced by it than before.
(b) They remained tithed to the church.
(c) They relied on it as another social service.
(d) They found consolation in the church for their hard lives.

5. How was the European population changing that made it possible for art to flourish during the Age of Revolution?
(a) People were more literate.
(b) People were wealthier.
(c) The upper classes could travel to artistic centers to buy art.
(d) The upper classes had more disposable income.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was the consequence of French land reforms in North Africa, in Hobsbawm's account?

2. What profession emerged in France as a result of Napoleon?

3. How was Beethoven's Eroica connected to the politics of Beethoven's time, in Hobsbawm's account?

4. What landmark event does Hobsbawm use as the beginning of the middle class ideology?

5. In what way does Hobsbawm say that religion was still useful?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why, in Hobsbawm's account, was Britain the only industrialized nation in 1848?

2. What happened in France while the rest of Europe was industrializing?

3. How does Hobsbawm describe France's effect on land reform?

4. Why was France's economy left behind, in Hobsbawm's account?

5. What does Hobsbawm say was increasing around 1848?

6. How does Hobsbawm describe the class tensions surrounding the new middle class?

7. Why were Jews and Protestants in particular successful and socially mobile, in Hobsbawm's account?

8. What role did religion serve, even as Europe was becoming more secular?

9. What works marked the beginning and the peak, respectively, of middle class ideology, in Hobsbawm's account?

10. What does Hobsbawm say were the three paths a working class person could choose in 1848?

(see the answer keys)

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