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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Beginning in 1872, Carnegie focuses on the single project of his steel-rail rolling mill that is completed in _________.

2. Carnegie leases the iron ore properties from this man. Why?

3. Carnegie feels confident enough in 1870 to do what?

4. Historically, management of the Carnegie companies resulted in _____ labor difficulties before the Homestead strike.

5. Carnegie's insistence on knowing the costs continues for his _______________ years in the steel business.

Short Essay Questions

1. Why does Carnegie hire Alexander Holley?

2. What does Phipps suggest to Carnegie? How does Carnegie benefit from this?

3. Describe the seven years of peace and prosperity in the North.

4. Describe Carnegie's replacement of equipment.

5. Describe the economic collapse. How are Carnegie and others affected by it?

6. Why does Andrew not help Tom Scott? What are the effects of this decision?

7. What does Frick's chairmanship mark?

8. What does Schwab do for the business?

9. How does Carnegie benefit from cutting costs?

10. Describe Captain Bill Jones' management of labor.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

With the forming of an enterprise to manufacture Bessemer steel, Carnegie changes from capitalist to entrepreneur.

Part 1) Why does he decide to move into the steel business? How does this change him from a capitalist to an entrepreneur? Is this a good maneuver? If so, why? If not, why not?

Part 2) Carnegie follows a policy of putting all of his eggs in the same basket and watching that basket. Is this a good policy? Why or why not? How has becoming an entrepreneur changed Carnegie? In what ways has he stayed the same?

Part 3) Carnegie's partners include many wealthy executives and merchants. How important are these men in Carnegie's new ventures in steel? How have others been important in Carnegie's professional career? How important are others in your own life and advancements you have made?

Essay Topic 2

Andrew becomes known as Pittsburgh's best telegraph operator.

Part 1) How does he become known as this? What does this reveal about his personality? How are these character traits continually revealed and reinforced throughout this book?

Part 2) How does Andrew benefit from this title? How does his work ethic and natural business sense impact the decisions he makes throughout his life?

Part 3) What can you learn from Andrew? How can you benefit from Andrew's experiences?

Essay Topic 3

Andrew Carnegie emigrated from Scotland.

Part 1) When and why did he emigrate from Scotland? Describe his life upon arriving in the U.S. How did it compare to the lives of other immigrants?

Part 2) How did his family adjust to life in America? How did this affect Andrew? When did he get the opportunity for advancement? How was this a case of being in the right place at the right time?

Part 3) What might it be like to be an immigrant today? Might it be easier or harder to adjust to American life? Explain.

(see the answer keys)

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