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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The size and complexity of a railroad business requires creation of bureaucratic organization, structure, and what else?

2. Seeds of ambivalence develop within Andrew to appreciate what ideas?

3. A new competitor, ________________ , decides a lavishly decorated "rolling palace" may have an edge, and by 1867 he has forty-eight in service.

4. Carnegie sells Central patents for ____________ to Pullman and they exchange shares for no money to form the new company.

5. Railroads link Pittsburgh to the Atlantic coast and eventually to the Pacific coast, with the _______________ the best of them all.

Short Essay Questions

1. Who is George M. Pullman? How do he and Carnegie become involved in business together?

2. What happens on July 15, 1848?

3. What does Carnegie do when Pacific dividend payments stop?

4. Give an example of how the size and complexity of a railroad business requires creation of bureaucratic organization, structure, and policy to fit the needs.

5. What happens within two years of arriving in America?

6. How does Andrew benefit from his work delivering telegraph messages?

7. What work do the Carnegies find in America?

8. Describe Carnegie's rise in business by 1865.

9. What does Andrew do from 1867 through 1872?

10. How do family members and friends help immigrants? How is Carnegie's family helped?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Andrew escapes the coal and oil of textile mills.

Part 1) How does he escape? To where does he escape? How does he benefit from this? How do his experiences in these mills influence him?

Part 2) How important are his early careers to his life as a capitalist and then as entrepreneur? How does he use the knowledge he gains throughout his life in his career decisions? How does he benefit from doing this?

Part 3) How might your own work experiences influence you as an adult in the work force? What experiences have already occurred in your life that will be beneficial in the future?

Essay Topic 2

Carnegie works for the Pennsylvania Railroad.

Part 1) Describe his time with this railroad company. How is this time significant in his career as a businessman?

Part 2) What are four important things he learns from working for the Pennsylvania Railroad? How are these things useful later in his life?

Part 3) Andrew receives several promotions. Why? How is this success foreshadowed earlier in the book?

Essay Topic 3

Carnegie forces out all partners but Schwab and brings in "young geniuses" who prove their merit.

Part 1) Describe this forcing out of the partners except Schwab. Why is Schwab kept? How is he unique from the other partners? How might these other partners have felt about being ousted from the company? Should they have been forced out? Why or why not?

Part 2) Why does Carnegie believe that bringing in "young geniuses" is the answer to his problems? How do these "young geniuses" prove their merit? How was this decision to bring in new people beneficial to Carnegie and his company?

Part 3) How has business changed at this time? What other decisions does Carnegie make that reflect this change in the steel business? How are these decisions and actions significant?

(see the answer keys)

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