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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. The business is _______________ with conductors and station agents collecting millions in small coin revenue.

2. A new competitor, ________________ , decides a lavishly decorated "rolling palace" may have an edge, and by 1867 he has forty-eight in service.

3. In ___________, Andrew is offered a job by Tom Scott, western division superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, to be his secretary and personal telegrapher.

4. Carnegie, acting under Scott-Thomson proxies, now owns how much of Pacific and Atlantic for the start-up Keystone Telegraph?

5. Machines begin taking over production with energy from _____________ independent from windmills and waterwheels.

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Andrew benefit from his work delivering telegraph messages?

2. Give an example of how the size and complexity of a railroad business requires creation of bureaucratic organization, structure, and policy to fit the needs.

3. Why do the Carnegies leave Scotland?

4. What does Carnegie do when Pacific dividend payments stop?

5. How does industry benefit from Carnegie?

6. Describe the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1865.

7. Describe the informal investing triumvirate Carnegie formed with Thomson and Scott.

8. How does Andrew escape the textile mills?

9. What does Andrew do from 1867 through 1872?

10. Describe Carnegie's rise in business by 1865.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

J.P. Morgan purchases the Carnegie company.

Part 1) Describe the purchasing of the Carnegie Company by J.P. Morgan. What challenges and disputes lead up to this purchase? What do these problems reveal about Carnegie, Frick, and others?

Part 2) Does Carnegie make the right decision by selling the company to J.P. Morgan? Why or why not? The new company, U.S. Steel, prints $300 million worth of bonds for Carnegie. Why does he never see these? What does this reveal about him?

Part 3) J.P. Morgan congratulates Carnegie on being "the riches man in the world!" What do you think Carnegie thought of this? Use the text to support your response.

Essay Topic 2

After Carnegie's apprenticeship ends at the Pennsylvania Railroad, he is ready to move on.

Part 1) Why does he decide it is time to move on? Is this a good decision? Why or why not? To where does he move on? Why?

Part 2) How does this move change his life? Do you believe he would have been successful if he had stayed at the Pennsylvania Railroad? Why or why not?

Part 3 ) Describe a time when you have realized it was time for a change. How did you know? How did you go about this change? What were the end results?

Essay Topic 3

Carnegie invests in the Keystone Bridge Company.

Part 1) What is the Keystone Bridge Company? How is this investment significant? What investments and decisions lead up to this investment?

Part 2) Why might a company such as the Keystone Bridge Company be so important at this time? What connection does this company have with railroads and the telegraph?

Part 3) If Carnegie were alive today, in what types of companies might he invest? Why? If you were to invest in a company, which one would it be? Why?

(see the answer keys)

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