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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Carnegie forms an enterprise to manufacture Bessemer steel as he changes from ________________.
(a) Capitalist to socialist.
(b) Entrepreneur to capitalist.
(c) Socialist to capitalist.
(d) Capitalist to entrepreneur.

2. One of the country's largest banking houses Jay Cooke's collapses, credit structures tumble and _____________ businesses fail in a year.
(a) 5,000.
(b) 50,000.
(c) 500.
(d) 1,000.

3. Captain Bill Jones claims success in managing labor by doing what?
(a) Raising the crews' salaries.
(b) Keeping crews "judiciously separated."
(c) Firing the instigators in the crew.
(d) Keeping crews "judiciously mixed."

4. Historically, management of the Carnegie companies resulted in _____ labor difficulties before the Homestead strike.
(a) Many.
(b) Few.
(c) Quite a few.
(d) Hundreds of.

5. In __________, Carnegie has the most modern operation.
(a) 1879.
(b) 1878.
(c) 1880.
(d) 1875.

6. The 1878 Thomas process of lime-lining the heating vessel to eliminate phosphorous is acquired by Carnegie and sold to who two years later?
(a) The Mellon Association.
(b) The Roosevelt Association.
(c) The Bessemer Association.
(d) The John D. Rockefeller Association.

7. Carnegie is praised by labor leaders and Frick is considered _____________.
(a) "Haughty and disdainful."
(b) "A hero."
(c) "Strange and righteous."
(d) "Carnegie's assistant."

8. Henry Phipps reviews blast furnace operations where flue-cinders are thrown away. What happens to puddling furnace cinders?
(a) They are used in the blast furnace.
(b) They are thrown away.
(c) They cause pollution.
(d) They are destroyed.

9. The start of ET construction coincides with what?
(a) The Panic of 1873.
(b) The Crash of 1873.
(c) Black Friday of 1873.
(d) The Great Depression of 1873.

10. Beginning in 1872, Carnegie focuses on the single project of his steel-rail rolling mill that is completed in _________.
(a) 1903.
(b) 1893.
(c) 1873.
(d) 1883.

11. The mill site is strategically situated _______________ where the Pennsylvania, Baltimore and Ohio railroad and river transportation system is readily available, nearby the coal fields.
(a) At the Ohio River.
(b) At the Allegheny.
(c) At the Potomac.
(d) At the Monongahela.

12. At the age of ___________ Carnegie finds a wife for his home, a business successor and considers retirement.
(a) Fifty-four.
(b) Forty.
(c) Sixty.
(d) Fifty.

13. Carnegie's labor guidelines and Captain Bill's implementation works well until 1889 when what happens to Bill?
(a) He is killed in a blast furnace explosion.
(b) He is injured in a blast furnace explosion.
(c) He causes a blast furnace explosion.
(d) He is accused of causing a blast furnace explosion.

14. However, by 1881, a competitor Homestead has the most modern equipment, but is plagued by what problems for two years?
(a) Financial.
(b) Management.
(c) Labor.
(d) Organizational.

15. Carnegie follows the successful path of building through a depression and lack of customers by ________________.
(a) Driving costs and output down.
(b) Increasing costs and decreasing output.
(c) Driving costs down and increasing output.
(d) Increasing costs and output.

Short Answer Questions

1. Along with Shinn, they put together an effective team based on Carnegie's systematic analysis of personnel to provide performance incentives that raise __________ men through ranks to share ownership.

2. They make a deal that is considered what?

3. American capitalism and democracy conflict in the fear that economic justice requires what?

4. After this steel company's acquisition for _____ million bonds, Frick restructures all the related companies with Carnegie Steel Company, Limited taking over assets of Carnegie Brothers and Carnegie Phipps with a $25 million capital base, distributing to Carnegie 55 percent, Frick and Phipps both 11 percent each, 1 percent each to nineteen partners and 4 percent reserve for key staff.

5. From 1872 through ________, Carnegie builds an integrated industrial business to become the best-known manufacturer in the world, publishes three books, travels around the world, and becomes a philanthropist with the express intent to give away his fortune.

(see the answer keys)

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