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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. He forms an informal investing ____________ with Thomson and Scott.
(a) Duumvirate.
(b) Quintumvirate.
(c) Quadrumvirate.
(d) Triumvirate.

2. Scott and Thomson like the Woodruff Sleeping Car Company that owns patents in 1858 but lacks what?
(a) Understanding of this business.
(b) Financial backing.
(c) The courage and business sense to develop them.
(d) Intelligence.

3. Margaret Carnegie's sister precedes her move to America and Annie Aitken provides them what?
(a) Low-rent housing.
(b) Food.
(c) Employment.
(d) Rent-free housing.

4. Scott leaves Carnegie in charge when he does what?
(a) Takes a ten-day trip.
(b) Retires.
(c) Quits.
(d) Has mandatory surgery.

5. Carnegie's career begins on July 15, 1848, when he and his family, parents Will, Margaret and his brother Tom, do what?
(a) Sail from Great Britain with fellow Scottish passengers.
(b) Sail from France with fellow French passengers.
(c) Sail from Great Britain with fellow Irish passengers.
(d) Sail from Spain with fellow Spanish passengers.

Short Answer Questions

1. Previously Margaret Carnegie's sisters, Annie Aitken and Kitty Hogan immigrate in __________, and write of good and bad times there.

2. Business transactions at the time take place over what type of communication?

3. Will is unable to catch on to new opportunities and reverts back to weaving and selling his wares on the street, which does what?

4. A typical pattern in the ____________ century is that a community builds up around a few pioneers who leave their homeland and then encourage friends and relatives to join them.

5. Railroad ______________ run the trains, maintain rolling stock and track, price and collect charges for service on passenger and freight trains running in both directions to meet demand.

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Daniel McCallum offer those in management?

2. Describe the Columbia Oil Company.

3. Describe the Pennsylvania Railroad in 1865.

4. Give an example of when Carnegie meets railroad's customers and initiates control of division operations when needed.

5. How is Pittsburgh important at this time?

6. Give an example of how the size and complexity of a railroad business requires creation of bureaucratic organization, structure, and policy to fit the needs.

7. How does Andrew benefit from his work delivering telegraph messages?

8. The partners pledge an investment to be made in installments paid when due or by the company as credit for dividends payable on the whole investment. Give an example of this pledge in action.

9. What happens on July 15, 1848?

10. Who is George M. Pullman? How do he and Carnegie become involved in business together?

(see the answer keys)

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