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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Carnegie meets John Piper in 1856 in order to build _______ bridges, instead of wooden bridges that can be set afire from locomotive sparks and are not cost-effective beyond a certain span and load factor.
(a) Bronze.
(b) Iron.
(c) Steel.
(d) Gold.

2. This old craft is destroyed in _______ years, along with Will Carnegie's job and his town's main source of income.
(a) Eight.
(b) Eighteen.
(c) Twenty.
(d) Ten.

3. Carnegie proposes they cooperate rather than bid against each other and suggests what be the joint venture?
(a) "The Pullman Palace Car Company."
(b) "The Carnegie Car Company."
(c) "The Pullman-Carnegie Car Company."
(d) "The Pullman Sleeper Car Company."

4. Whose pioneering skills in management are codified in his "Book of Rules and the Employees' Timetable?"
(a) Darrel McAllister's.
(b) Duane McMahon's.
(c) David McClure's.
(d) Daniel McCallum's.

5. Carnegie is cautious in his investments by limiting them to what?
(a) Firms he has studied for several months.
(b) Small firms.
(c) Firms he knows about that are related to the Pennsylvania Railroad.
(d) Firms his friends suggest.

6. Scott and Thomson like the Woodruff Sleeping Car Company that owns patents in 1858 but lacks what?
(a) The courage and business sense to develop them.
(b) Intelligence.
(c) Understanding of this business.
(d) Financial backing.

7. In ___________, Andrew is offered a job by Tom Scott, western division superintendent of the Pennsylvania Railroad, to be his secretary and personal telegrapher.
(a) 1868.
(b) 1852.
(c) 1858.
(d) 1862.

8. Andrew Carnegie's last bond financing sale comes in July, _______ when he sells $6 million in bonds to Sulzbach Brothers, who buy bonds reluctantly, with Carnegie's encouragement.
(a) 1892.
(b) 1902.
(c) 1882.
(d) 1872.

9. It is _______________ private business firm in the world and is called "the standard railroad of the world."
(a) One of the smallest.
(b) The largest.
(c) One of the largest.
(d) The smallest.

10. During the nineteenth century American railroads are financed by bonds with over ____ percent of their earnings used to pay bond interest.
(a) 40.
(b) 30.
(c) 50.
(d) 20.

11. Railroads link Pittsburgh to the Atlantic coast and eventually to the Pacific coast, with the _______________ the best of them all.
(a) Pennsylvania Railroad.
(b) CSX Corporation.
(c) BNSF Railway Company.
(d) Union Pacific.

12. Carnegie's first installment on his one-eighth interest in Woodruff is $217.50 borrowed from the bank. The balance is paid by dividends in the venture's ________ year.
(a) Third.
(b) Fourth.
(c) Second.
(d) First.

13. Carnegie becomes an expert in Pittsburgh's _____________ business.
(a) Manufacturing.
(b) Mining.
(c) Financial.
(d) Commercial.

14. Within _______ years of arriving in America, the Carnegies recoup their fortune through the help of their friends, relatives, and countrymen in America and earn more income that they ever received in Scotland.
(a) Four.
(b) Two.
(c) Six.
(d) Eight.

15. Carnegie's career begins on July 15, 1848, when he and his family, parents Will, Margaret and his brother Tom, do what?
(a) Sail from France with fellow French passengers.
(b) Sail from Spain with fellow Spanish passengers.
(c) Sail from Great Britain with fellow Scottish passengers.
(d) Sail from Great Britain with fellow Irish passengers.

Short Answer Questions

1. Railroad ______________ run the trains, maintain rolling stock and track, price and collect charges for service on passenger and freight trains running in both directions to meet demand.

2. Carnegie uses $11,000 in Woodruff dividends to buy 1,100 shares that pay $17,800 in their first year and eventually over _________ dollars.

3. Andrew's opportunity to escape the coal and oil of textile mills comes through _________ asking him to become a messenger boy with a telegraph company in Pittsburgh.

4. James L. Shaw of the Pacific and Atlantic Telegraph Company offers to buy how many shares of Keystone at three times its value, or $150,000?

5. Who was the founder of Intel and Liz Claibourne?

(see the answer keys)

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