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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Along with Shinn, they put together an effective team based on Carnegie's systematic analysis of personnel to provide performance incentives that raise __________ men through ranks to share ownership.
(a) Twenty.
(b) Thirty.
(c) Forty.
(d) Ten.

2. Historically, management of the Carnegie companies resulted in _____ labor difficulties before the Homestead strike.
(a) Hundreds of.
(b) Quite a few.
(c) Few.
(d) Many.

3. Frick's first acquisition is _____________, which is the most modern steel mill and keeps the Carnegie Company at the forefront.
(a) Duquesne Steel.
(b) NESSteel.
(c) Factory Steel.
(d) U.S. Steel.

4. Frick shares Carnegie's vision and drive but is self-righteous and lacks what?
(a) Confidence.
(b) Intelligence.
(c) A sense of humor.
(d) Education.

5. Carnegie feels confident enough in 1870 to do what?
(a) Make large changes in the business.
(b) Sell the business.
(c) Buy new businesses.
(d) Expand the business.

Short Answer Questions

1. The process takes longer than expected, but by 1868 production begins, and expansion is planned in what year?

2. As mills become more efficient, the need for raw material continues with deposits from _______________________.

3. From 1872 through ________, Carnegie builds an integrated industrial business to become the best-known manufacturer in the world, publishes three books, travels around the world, and becomes a philanthropist with the express intent to give away his fortune.

4. Tom Miller is a _________ man who forms joint ventures with Carnegie in several small investments. They form Freedom Iron Company of Lewiston Pennsylvania in 1861 that Carnegie restructures into Freedom Iron and Steel to retool for the Bessemer process in 1866.

5. Carnegie forces another _____________ partners out until only Schwab survives, while bringing in "young geniuses" who prove their merit on cost sheets.

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe American steel companies between 1870 and 1900.

2. Describe Carnegie's partners at this time.

3. Describe Duqesne Steel.

4. What does Schwab do for the business?

5. Why does Andrew not help Tom Scott? What are the effects of this decision?

6. How does Carnegie benefit from cutting costs?

7. What happens when Carnegie goes to Scotland?

8. Describe Carnegie's replacement of equipment.

9. Describe the deficiency that Carnegie corrected by integrating Keystone Bridge and Union Iron?

10. What venture is formed between Tom Miller and Carnegie?

(see the answer keys)

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