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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does "the concrete" have in Hegel's account?
(a) Unique life.
(b) Scientific self-certainty.
(c) Consciousness.
(d) Form and universals.

2. Hegel writes that the divisive power of the mind allows the self to define itself relative to what?
(a) The self.
(b) The individual's past.
(c) The external universe.
(d) The family.

3. What is it that expresses both the individual and inner reality, in Hegel's view?
(a) Self-reflection.
(b) Conflict within the self.
(c) Physical form.
(d) Action.

4. According to Hegel, what does an individual need to do to live wisely and virtuously?
(a) Live their lives.
(b) Express themselves in acts and words.
(c) Develop new ways of doing things.
(d) Conform to their culture.

5. What is humanity's tendency according to Hegel?
(a) To be driven by desire.
(b) To follow the heart.
(c) To evolve toward the spirit.
(d) To create the will through work.

6. To what does the term "sensibility" apply according to Hegel?
(a) All living things.
(b) Humans and animals.
(c) All humans.
(d) The entire universe.

7. What does Hegel explain in the introduction of The Phenomenology of Mind?
(a) Why the work is necessary to his times and to humanity.
(b) Where the inspiration for the work came from.
(c) Why he was the only one who could have written this work.
(d) Where the work fits in the history of philosophy.

8. In Hegel's philosophy, what is the first stage in the development of the conscious mind?
(a) Individual heart is recognized by self-consciousness.
(b) Forces that contradict the individual's feelings occur.
(c) Universal heart is discovered through individual heart.
(d) The sense of the uniqueness of the heart falls away.

9. According to Hegel, action turns the external world into an arena where what can come into being?
(a) Inner truth.
(b) External reality.
(c) World-consciousness.
(d) Historical consciousness.

10. How does Hegel describe notions?
(a) As contingent on subjectivity.
(b) As aspects of laws.
(c) As anamnesis.
(d) As actual things.

11. Why does Hegel say that the relationship with the bondsman is not fulfilling for the lord?
(a) Because of the imp of the perverse.
(b) Because of the nostalgia for pre-lapsarian consciousness.
(c) Because of a self-contained counter effect.
(d) Because of the drive to power.

12. Which philosopher influenced Hegel's use of categories?
(a) Kant.
(b) Leibniz.
(c) Plato.
(d) Spinoza.

13. Which modern culture is the most representative descendant of Hegelian thinking?
(a) Russia.
(b) Germany.
(c) America.
(d) France.

14. According to Hegel, what is "honest activity" related to?
(a) The origins of action.
(b) Emptiness.
(c) Seeming.
(d) The effects of action.

15. How does Hegel describe the self?
(a) As both free and abstract.
(b) As the sum of material sensations.
(c) As physical and divine.
(d) As bounded but sublime.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is meant by Hegel's term "practical reason"?

2. What qualities does Hegel describe as being necessary for organic entities?

3. How does Hegel define "irritability"?

4. What does Hegel say we have to see in order to understand the truth about a thing?

5. What rejection does the uniqueness of a self require according to Hegel?

(see the answer keys)

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