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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When Josy Vincente Concha resigns in nervous exhaustion, he is replaced by career diplomat Tomas Herran, fluent in English and popular in Washington, and Herran proves to be what?
(a) More cautious than the State Department hoped.
(b) Far less cautious than the State Department expected.
(c) Less cautious than the State Department anticipated.
(d) Equally cautious as Concha.

2. Crews respond by competing how to top the published excavation statistics?
(a) Fiercely.
(b) Moderately.
(c) Mediocrely.
(d) Uncompetitively.

3. In a 1911 University of California Berkeley speech, former President Theodore Roosevelt gets laughs and applause when he maintains what?
(a) It was not initiating the canal that was the problem, it was seeing it through.
(b) He did not go back to Panama because they would not let him drive another steam shovel.
(c) The canal would not have started if he followed normal legislative channels.
(d) The canal started because he followed normal legislative channels.

4. A Panamanian National Constitutional Convention is held on January 15, 1904, and a National Assembly elects whom as President?
(a) Maurice Banau-Varilla.
(b) Jose Agustin Arango.
(c) Manuel Amador.
(d) Carlos Constantino Arosemena.

5. George W. Goethals allows employees to air grievances where?
(a) A summary court similar to lowest level of U.S. military three-level courts martial system.
(b) The Canal Record letters to the editor.
(c) At the Sunday morning court of appeals and in the Canal Record letters to the editor.
(d) A Saturday three-man review board consisting of two supervisors and one equal level employee.

Short Answer Questions

1. Social life in the Canal Zone during George W. Goethals' era is best described how?

2. Lieutenant Colonel William Crawford Gorgas, despite opposition from bureaucrats, maintains the biggest challenge is what?

3. When do Theodore Perry Shonts and John Stevens land without ceremony at Colon?

4. What is the key to the lock enterprise?

5. Why is marriage encouraged in the Canal Zone?

Short Essay Questions

1. What became of Phillippee Banau-Varilla?

2. Rather than shutting the project down, what are some of the thing implemented by the authoritative new chairman of the ICC, Theodore Perry Shonts?

3. Why is Colonel William Crawford Gorgas sent to Panama?

4. What is it about May 4, 1904, that makes it a significant date in the history of the Canal Zone?

5. What takes place in early 1907 that seals John Stevens' fate as chief engineer?

6. What is traffic like following opening of the canal?

7. What is historically significant for Panama about January 15, 1904?

8. How is it the U.S. must come to grips with Article 35 of the Bidack Treaty in regard to Panama?

9. What are some of the critical points of the Hay- Herran Treaty ratified by the Senate 73-5 on March 17, 1903?

10. What critical event can be associated with Theodore Roosevelt and the date of January 4, 1904?

(see the answer keys)

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