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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Since William Nelson Cromwell has White House access, which John Tyler Morgan reportedly hates him for, what does Cromwell view that as proof of?
(a) Cromwell's effectiveness.
(b) Theodore Roosevelt's interest in Cromwell's views.
(c) Theodore Roosevelt's friendship with Cromwell.
(d) Cromwell is a good cook.

2. Sea supremacy has always been key to national and commercial greatness, and Theodore Roosevelt publishes The Naval War of 1812 while?
(a) An undergraduate student.
(b) President.
(c) A graduate student.
(d) A high school student.

3. Why is it nearly impossible in the early stages of canal construction to maintain an adequate work force?
(a) High illness rate.
(b) Language differences.
(c) High death toll.
(d) Frequent turnover.

4. In what way does author David McCullough find all early 19th-century canal plans preposterous?
(a) Every survey is flawed by inaccurate data and bad assumptions.
(b) Every survey is flawed by incorrect geographic surveys or lack of geological specimens.
(c) Every survey is flawed by failure to consider realistic astrological and geological considerations.
(d) Every survey is flawed by lack of effort to gain accurate, applicable data.

5. Chapter 8 summarizes what evolves in the courtrooms and subsequent to massive corporate collapse that affects how many French investors?
(a) 750,000.
(b) Over 1 million.
(c) 800,000.
(d) 500,000.

6. Ferdinand de Lesseps briefly speaks at the Technical Commission's initial business session on January 6, 1880, then leaves it to rubber stamp what he wants in a 300-page report calling for what?
(a) Sea-level canal, Chagres River dam, and Gulf of Mexico tidal lock and breakwater.
(b) Sea-level canal, Rio Obispo dam, and Pacific tidal lock and breakwater.
(c) Sea-level canal, Rio Grande dam, and Pacific tidal lock and breakwater.
(d) Sea-level canal, Chagres River dam, and Pacific tidal lock and breakwater.

7. Yeas were primarily French, yet A.G. Menocal's analysis of the 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique canal site vote showed how many were French Society of Engineers members?
(a) None.
(b) 1.
(c) 2.
(d) 3.

8. Completed after ten years of construction in 1869, what is the significant engineering feat that shortens the trek from Europe to India by some 5,800 miles around the Horn of Africa?
(a) The European-East Asian Transcontinental Highway.
(b) The Suez Canal.
(c) The Suez Highway.
(d) The Orient Express.

9. What promise does Ferdinand de Lesseps keep on January 1, 1880?
(a) Strikes the first blow for the Panama.
(b) Leads the New Year's parade through the capital.
(c) Cuts the ribbon at the location for the Panama Canal.
(d) Tosses a lucky franc into the bay near Panama City.

10. According to newspapers, why does Le-Shu-Chang receive the longest applause when the opportunity to rise for recognition at the 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique comes?
(a) Because China was expected to provide the labor to dig the canal.
(b) The Chinese delegation had come the farthest distance.
(c) China was recognized for constructing the large dams and the Great Wall by engineers.
(d) China was recognized for constructng the 999-room palace in Lhasa, Tibet.

11. The cream of the crop of 19th-century French engineers are trained at what two institutions (the most brilliant at the former, and only its top graduates at the latter)?
(a) Ycole Polytechnique and Ycole des Ponts et Chausyes.
(b) Ycole des Ponts et Paris and Ycole Polytechnic et Chausyes.
(c) Universite Polytechnique et Paris and Ycole des Ponts et Chausyes.
(d) Ycole des Ponts et Chausyes and Ycole Polytechnique.

12. On his 1879 trip to New York, Lieutenant Lucien Napoleon Bonaparte Wyse travels to Washington and sees whom?
(a) Chief of Navigational Planning, Vice Admiral T. J. Miller; Secretary of State William Evarts; and President Rutherford B. Hayes.
(b) Director of Naval Archives, Christian Francis Stephenson; Secretary of State William Evarts; and Ulysses S. Grant.
(c) Chief of the Bureau of Navigation, Admiral Daniel Ammen; Secretary of State William Evarts; and President James A. Garfield.
(d) Chief of the Bureau of Navigation, Admiral Daniel Ammen; Secretary of State William Evarts; and President Rutherford B. Hayes.

13. Lieutenant Lucien Napoleon Bonaparte Wyse negotiates a contract with Colombian President Aquileo Parra on March 23, 1878, including what conditions?
(a) One million francs down, surveys in two years, canal company in 3 years, and construction complete 15 years after that.
(b) 750,000 francs down, surveys in three years, canal company in five years, and building within 12 years after that.
(c) Colombia receives 3% of gross revenue for 15 years and 2% increases at 25, 50, and 75 years.
(d) Colombia is guaranteed varying percentages of the gross revenue for initial 150 years.

14. A. G. Menocal tells the 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique he had been in Panama in 1875 planning a sea-level canal, but abandoned that idea when he grasped what?
(a) The relief of the terrain.
(b) The full impact of the Chagres River.
(c) The engineering complexities of a sea-level canal through Panama.
(d) The time it would take to complete a sea-level canal in Panama as it would elsewhere.

15. Which President of the United States is assassinated in 1901?
(a) William Howard Taft.
(b) Grover Cleveland.
(c) Franklin D. Roosevelt.
(d) William McKinley.

Short Answer Questions

1. Jaques de Reinach is the "Micros" article's inside source, but Ydouard Drumont denies testifying, unless he is pardoned for what type of conviction keeping him in prison?

2. Ferdinand de Lesseps is from a family entrenched in the diplomatic services, which he enters at age 19, and he becomes interested in construction of canals when?

3. Who offers a solution letting Ferdinand de Lesseps extract himself honorably and gain income from tolls coming in?

4. Based on various exploratory expeditions through 1875, at least how many points in Central America are determined to be sufficiently narrow to connect the Atlantic and Pacific oceans?

5. What 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique delegation drew attention by the maps and plans they brought that had never been seen in Europe before?

(see the answer keys)

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