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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What do closed subcommittees at the 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique in Paris establish that the Nicaragua canal route is?
(a) Impractical, costing $209 million, including locks, and taking 12 years.
(b) Practical, costing $140 million, and taking six years.
(c) Impractical, unable to estimate cost, and an earthquake area.
(d) Practical, costing $140 million, and taking 12 years.

2. When newspapers throughout the world announce "The Great Canal Crash," and deputies order the Compagnie Universelle into receivership, demonstrations across France espouse what?
(a) Protest against the company is staged across France.
(b) Popular support of the company is staged across France.
(c) Virtually no demonstrations occur.
(d) Mixed demonstrations pro and con are held across France.

3. Ferdinand de Lesseps lost a son and a wife to cholera in Egypt and invests $7.1 million in hospitals that a Canadian doctor declares the best in the tropics, and an American, decades later, places where?
(a) Comparable in many respects to all U.S. care givers.
(b) Ahead of all U.S. care givers.
(c) Comparable to all U.S. care givers.
(d) Behind all U.S. care givers.

4. Completed after ten years of construction in 1869, what is the significant engineering feat that shortens the trek from Europe to India by some 5,800 miles around the Horn of Africa?
(a) The Orient Express.
(b) The Suez Highway.
(c) The European-East Asian Transcontinental Highway.
(d) The Suez Canal.

5. Company physicians agree on what as the best advice regarding the maladies associated with Panama?
(a) Stay out of the hot sun.
(b) Leave the Isthmus quickly.
(c) Avoid getting wet to protect against night air.
(d) Eat no fruit.

Short Answer Questions

1. While dredging predominates in the lowlands, steam shovels, picks, shovels, and what else are key in the uplands?

2. The first event after the Morgan Commission that changes in favor of Panama, is Theodore Roosevelt reading news of how an audience, of civil engineers listening to Irving M. Scott in New York, does what?

3. What does Theodore Roosevelt state in his first message to Congress is the reason the U.S. must construct a canal in Central America for?

4. Who offers a solution letting Ferdinand de Lesseps extract himself honorably and gain income from tolls coming in?

5. Phillippe Banau-Varilla goes to the "Lion's Cage," the home of John T. Morgan, and it almost comes to blows when Morgan terms Panama as what?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Ferdinand de Lesseps accomplish between the 1879 Congris International d'Ytudes du Canal Interocyanique in Paris and sailing for Panama in December that year?

2. How does the press report the situation three weeks subsequent to the fire destroying Colon?

3. Who is Rear Adm. John Grimes Walker?

4. How do the French account for 1/3 of all their canal digging?

5. The chances against Panama being selected as the location for a canal over Nicaragua are reportedly 100 to 1, until what two events occur?

6. What is notable about the date of October 20, 1893?

7. What are the reasons Admiral Ammen opposes the official U.S. plan?

8. What are the essential elements, pros and cons, to A.G. Menocal's canal proposal?

9. As hard as they work, what are some of the problems the French engineers encounter?

10. Why does Ferdinand de Lesseps lose interest in the Suez Canal?

(see the answer keys)

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