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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. At the peak of U.S. work, on any given day, how many steam shovels were operating in the Cut?
(a) 15-25.
(b) 50-60.
(c) 30-40.
(d) 80-90.

2. How many years does it take to build the locks?
(a) 5.
(b) 3.
(c) 6.
(d) 4.

3. The average death rate in the final year among whites is 2.06 per thousand, and what per thousand among blacks?
(a) 3.51.
(b) 6.11.
(c) 4.85.
(d) 8.23.

4. A movement begins in Panama in July 1903, as 25-26 gather to talk revolution, including which leaders?
(a) William Cromwell, Phillippe Banau-Varilla, and Carlos Constantino Arosemena.
(b) Phillippe Banau-Varilla, Jose Agustin Arango, and Carlos Constantino Arosemena.
(c) Phillippe Banau-Varilla, Jose Agustin Arango, and Henry G. Prescott.
(d) Jose Agustin Arango, Carlos Constantino Arosemena, and Herbert G. Prescott.

5. A worker dies of bubonic plague on July 3, 1905, and William Crawford Gorgas immediately orders a campaign to eradicate what?
(a) Rats.
(b) Stray dogs and cats.
(c) Mosquitoes.
(d) All rodents.

6. The "Great Panic" in the Canal Zone results in what?
(a) An exodus of service personnel back to their homelands.
(b) A demand for outgoing boats that cannot be kept up with.
(c) An exodus of Panamanians to Nicaragua.
(d) A demand for outgoing trains that cannot be kept up with.

7. The Hay-Banau-Varilla Treaty resembles Hay-Herran in wording, but expands the width of the Canal Zone to how many miles?
(a) 12.
(b) 6.
(c) 10.
(d) 8.

8. Social life in the Canal Zone during George W. Goethals' era is best described how?
(a) Equal for white majority and black minority.
(b) Idyllic for white majority, hellish for black minority.
(c) Equal for white minority and the black majority.
(d) Idyllic for white minority, hellish for black majority.

9. George W. Goethals allows employees to air grievances where?
(a) A Saturday three-man review board consisting of two supervisors and one equal level employee.
(b) The Canal Record letters to the editor.
(c) At the Sunday morning court of appeals and in the Canal Record letters to the editor.
(d) A summary court similar to lowest level of U.S. military three-level courts martial system.

10. In the fall of 1902 as discussions of Canal Zone sovereignty reach a critical point, civil war erupts on the Isthmus and Theodore Roosevelt takes what action?
(a) Sends in the Marines to secure the railroad.
(b) None, as he has no legislative approval.
(c) Dispatches a State Department negotiating team.
(d) Sends in the Army to secure the railroad.

11. Who heads the U.S. Army's medical service during World War I and dies in London in 1920?
(a) Walter Reed.
(b) Henry Rose Carter.
(c) William Henry Welch.
(d) William Crawford Gorgas.

12. Manuel Amador looking to improve sanitation and end centuries of plague, invests what amount of U.S. $10 million payment into urgent public works projects?
(a) $3 million.
(b) $1 million.
(c) $4 million.
(d) $2 million.

13. For an overall view of the Gatun dam site, Theodore Roosevelt races up the hillside and takes a look, and then the most famous moment of his trip takes place when Roosevelt does what?
(a) Takes controls of a 15-ton construction tractor for 20 minutes.
(b) Takes the wheel of a loaded dump truck and dumps it on a train.
(c) Takes controls of a 275-ton train steam engine for 20 minutes.
(d) Takes controls of a 95-ton Bucyrus steam shovel for 20 minutes.

14. What does Theodore Roosevelt stress in his autobiography as to his action in Panama?.
(a) He had to take quick action, or none at all.
(b) Admits in hindsight it was impulsive.
(c) It was not impulsive, the situation called for quick action.
(d) Maintains it was not impulsive.

15. John F. Wallace has a job offer he cannot say "no" to, but William H. Taft feels betrayed as he tailored the new ICC to his wishes, and confronts him to dress him down and demand a resignation where?
(a) Panama City.
(b) Washington, D.C.
(c) San Francisco.
(d) New York.

Short Answer Questions

1. In a special message to Congress on January 4, 1904, Theodore Roosevelt claims what nation violates a U.S. mandate to build the canal, the "great design" of the 1846 treaty to secure its construction?

2. Thousands of articles create popular view of Canal Zone life, but make no mention of blacks, so government inspectors and fact-finders are amazed to see the entire project depends on what?

3. Who serves as quartermaster general during World War I, finishes his career on Wall Street, and is buried at West Point in 1928?

4. John Stevens is scheduled to accompany William H. Taft to the Philippines to advise on railroad construction, when who urges John Stevens to go to Panama as John Findley Wallace's successor?

5. John Stevens feels the Panama Canal can be completed by January 1914, but doubts a sea- level version can be prior to what year?

(see the answer keys)

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