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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When Josy Vincente Concha resigns in nervous exhaustion, he is replaced by career diplomat Tomas Herran, fluent in English and popular in Washington, and Herran proves to be what?
(a) Equally cautious as Concha.
(b) Less cautious than the State Department anticipated.
(c) More cautious than the State Department hoped.
(d) Far less cautious than the State Department expected.

2. A worker dies of bubonic plague on July 3, 1905, and William Crawford Gorgas immediately orders a campaign to eradicate what?
(a) Stray dogs and cats.
(b) Mosquitoes.
(c) Rats.
(d) All rodents.

3. The "Great Panic" in the Canal Zone results in what?
(a) A demand for outgoing boats that cannot be kept up with.
(b) An exodus of Panamanians to Nicaragua.
(c) A demand for outgoing trains that cannot be kept up with.
(d) An exodus of service personnel back to their homelands.

4. A Panamanian National Constitutional Convention is held on January 15, 1904, and a National Assembly elects whom as President?
(a) Maurice Banau-Varilla.
(b) Carlos Constantino Arosemena.
(c) Jose Agustin Arango.
(d) Manuel Amador.

5. Who is hired as America's first chief engineer for the canal project, with the understanding he need not move to the isthmus?
(a) John Stevens.
(b) Theodore Perry Shonts.
(c) John Findley Wallace.
(d) George W. Goethals.

6. When Phillippe Banau-Varilla resigns as Panamanian envoy, resumes publishing Le Matin, and asks the salary due him be reserved to build a monument to whom?
(a) Thomas Roosevelt.
(b) John Stevens.
(c) Himself.
(d) Ferdinand de Lesseps.

7. Panama Patchwork is a publication by James Stanley Gilbert containing what?
(a) A daily newspaper designed for a black audience.
(b) Poems about disease, alcoholism, death, futility.
(c) A Sunday newspaper with letters, poetry, stories, other contributions.
(d) A magazine arising in competition with George W. Goethals' Canal Record.

8. What is the focus of attention in the final stages?
(a) Dam.
(b) Canal size.
(c) Improvement in conditions.
(d) Locks.

9. William Crawford Gorgas gathers data on how weather and topography affect Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit malarial parasite to humans, and discovers what?
(a) Direct sunlight, rain, and strong air currents are lethal to them.
(b) Direct sunlight, rain, and strong air currents have no effect on them.
(c) Direct sunlight and rain are lethal to them, strong air currents are not.
(d) Direct sunlight and strong air currents are lethal to them, rain is not.

10. How have George W. Goethals' successors followed his aesthetic and military decision by allowing the jungle to get how close to the shore?
(a) Maintain a 100-meter barrier.
(b) Maintain a 25-meter barrier.
(c) Maintain a 50-meter barrier.
(d) Return to the shore.

11. What is the main issue impeding fumigation in U.S. facilities?
(a) Climate is too humid.
(b) Lack of chemical fumigants.
(c) Lack of devices to dispense fumes.
(d) Lack of newsprint to seal buildings.

12. Who serves as quartermaster general during World War I, finishes his career on Wall Street, and is buried at West Point in 1928?
(a) Theodore Perry Shonts.
(b) George W. Goethals.
(c) John Findley Wallace.
(d) John Stevens.

13. Modest progress is made under Chief Engineer John Findley Wallace, but ends when a medley of tropical diseases results in a "Great Panic" and exodus of American engineers in what year?
(a) 1904.
(b) 1906.
(c) 1905.
(d) 1903.

14. Who heads the U.S. Army's medical service during World War I and dies in London in 1920?
(a) William Crawford Gorgas.
(b) Walter Reed.
(c) William Henry Welch.
(d) Henry Rose Carter.

15. At the peak of U.S. work, on any given day, how many steam shovels were operating in the Cut?
(a) 30-40.
(b) 80-90.
(c) 15-25.
(d) 50-60.

Short Answer Questions

1. John Stevens feels the Panama Canal can be completed by January 1914, but doubts a sea- level version can be prior to what year?

2. Who lives to read about the opening of the Panama Canal in their quiet retirements?

3. William Cromwell, on June 13, 1903, leaks to the New York World paper he had a talk with Theodore Roosevelt about recognizing a secessionist Republic of Panama should what continue?

4. When does the Pacific fleet pass through the Panama Canal relative to Theodore Roosevelt's death, and does he view it?

5. Theodore Roosevelt times his visit to experience it when?

(see the answer keys)

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