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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who is the former executive director of the National Center for Institutions and Alternatives that is cited as saying, "There are certain code words that allow you never to have to say 'race' but everybody knows that's what you mean"?

2. Where did Clifford Runoalds return home to attend the funeral of his 18-month-old daughter after he was busted in a drug sweep, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Color of Justice"?

3. The author notes in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand" that two-thirds of people detained in jails report annual incomes under what amount prior to their arrests?

4. What were the defendants in Yick Wo v. Hopkins accused of doing?

5. When was the case of Yick Wo v. Hopkins decided?

Short Essay Questions

1. How is Iris Marion Young's "birdcage" metaphor described in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

2. Why does the author discuss Barack Obama's speech at the Apostolic Church of God in Chicago in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

3. How does the author describe white victims of racial caste in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

4. How does the author describe the crime statistics of Chicago in regard to race in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

5. How did the media and propaganda contribute to the stereotype of the poor African American drug user?

6. What does the author mean when she refers to "second-class citizens" in the book?

7. What were the repercussions of Emma Faye Stewart's decision to take a plea deal?

8. What was enacted with the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998?

9. How does the author assert drug-law enforcement is different than other types of law enforcement in Chapter 3: "The Color of Justice"?

10. What is the "Black Box" that the author refers to in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

How does the author define "racial caste"? What systems are in place to establish and maintain racial castes today? What systems from the past does the author discuss?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the history of African slavery in the United States. When did slavery emerge? When did the Transatlantic Slave Trade end? When was slavery abolished and what forms of oppression followed it?

Essay Topic 3

What is "affirmative action" and when did it emerge in the United States? What are the pros and cons of affirmative action? Where does the author stand on this issue? Why?

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