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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What sentence did Edward Clary originally receive for possession of crack cocaine when he was 18?
(a) Five years in prison.
(b) 15 years in prison.
(c) 20 years in prison.
(d) Ten years in prison.

2. One in how many black men between the ages of 20-35 was behind bars in 2006?
(a) Nine.
(b) 16.
(c) 29.
(d) 42.

3. In what case did the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals strike down the "no fault" clause on the ground that eviction of innocent tenants was inconsistent with the legislative scheme?
(a) Plessy v. Ferguson.
(b) McClesky v. Kemp.
(c) Rucker v. Davis.
(d) Brown v. Board of Education.

4. The author cites Marilyn Frye as having made a metaphor for the systemic racism toward African Americans. What metaphor is used?
(a) A birdcage.
(b) A mask.
(c) A mountain.
(d) A fishing net.

5. What are the only two states that allow inmates to vote while incarcerated?
(a) Louisiana and Mississippi.
(b) Maine and Vermont.
(c) Massachusetts and New York.
(d) Texas and Arkansas.

Short Answer Questions

1. When was the first year that a black person ever sat on a jury in the United States?

2. Who was the judge assigned to Edward Clary's case in the Federal District of Missouri?

3. What amount of money can Ohio charge probationers as a supervision fee as a condition of probation, according to the author in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

4. When was the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act passed, authorizing public housing agencies the ability to exclude and evict drug offenders and other felons from access?

5. According to the author in Chapter 3: "The Color of Justice," white youth have about how many times the number of drug-related emergency room visits as their African American counterparts?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does the author describe the circumstances of Emma Faye Stewart's arrest in Chapter 3: "The Color of Justice"?

2. What are the historical parallels between Jim Crow and mass incarceration that the author explores in Chapter 5: "The New Jim Crow"?

3. What is the "Black Box" that the author refers to in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

4. What is the Baldus study? What were the conclusions of the study?

5. What was determined in the Supreme Court case of Rucker v. Davis?

6. When was crack-cocaine introduced to users in the U.S.? What involvement did the government have with the introduction of crack to African American communities?

7. What is noted about Frederick Douglass's speech at the National Colored Convention in 1853 in Chapter 4: "The Cruel Hand"?

8. What was enacted with the Quality Housing and Work Responsibility Act of 1998?

9. What was enacted with the Anti-Drug Abuse Act of 1988?

10. What circumstances led to Clinton Drake's inability to vote?

(see the answer keys)

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