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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What conflict does Marx say was avoided as America expanded?
(a) Warfare between financiers and farmers.
(b) Class warfare.
(c) Warfare between North and South.
(d) Warfare between industrial and agrarian interests.

2. What effect did Carlyle say industrialism would have?
(a) Poisoning the rivers and water.
(b) Increasing the gap between rich and poor.
(c) Disrupting the continuity of societies with mobility.
(d) Corrupting the youth with dreams of individualism.

3. What does the ocean symbolize in Melville's Moby Dick?
(a) Nature's danger.
(b) A provident god.
(c) Man's creativity.
(d) Man's redemption.

4. What is Huck Finn lamenting at the beginning of Huckleberry Finn?
(a) His loss of his father.
(b) His current civilized state.
(c) Jim's incarceration.
(d) Tom Sawyer's punishment.

5. What effect does fire have in Hawthorne's The Unpardonable Sin?
(a) It drives factories and great productivity.
(b) It brings religion to people.
(c) It spreads light into the wilderness.
(d) It destroys an everyman.

Short Answer Questions

1. What symbolic statement does Marx say Twain made in the raft being destroyed in Huckleberry Finn?

2. What trait did American thinkers and writers see in evidence in America's industrial expansion?

3. How does industrialism devalue man, in Carlyle's opinion?

4. What percentage of Americans lived on farms (in the time of Marx's writing)?

5. How did Thoreau describe modern man?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the future of the pastoral ideal in Marx's view at the end of the epilogue?

2. What was America's first response to steam power in England?

3. What was the context in which Marx was writing the epilogue?

4. What is the role of industry in Melville's Moby Dick?

5. How does Marx characterize the modern response to pastoralism?

6. How did Thoreau reconcile machines and nature?

7. How would you characterize Marx's own view about pastoralism?

8. What is the 'Garden of Ashes' a reference to?

9. What does Marx say the ship Pequod symbolizes in Melville's Moby Dick?

10. What was Mark Twain's stance on technology and nature in Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court?

(see the answer keys)

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