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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What defines complex pastoralism?
(a) Redemption of the alienation that comes from industrial modernity.
(b) Industrial machinery fostering nature.
(c) Acceptance of history.
(d) Refusal to let sentimental pastoralism lapse.

2. How does Marx characterize man's hopes for nature?
(a) Consensus-based resource use.
(b) Realistic planning.
(c) Pastoral idealism.
(d) Scientific resource allocation.

3. How does Marx say most American writers described industrial expansion?
(a) As a torment.
(b) As a form of art.
(c) As a crime.
(d) As a force of nature.

4. Who does Marx offer as examples of 'complex pastoralism' in America literature?
(a) Dos Passos and Hurston.
(b) Eliot and Pound.
(c) Salinger and Bukowski.
(d) Fitzgerald and Faulkner.

5. What did Henry Adams envision as the consequence of technology?
(a) The unification of humans and nature.
(b) The human race committing suicide.
(c) Disaffection, alienation, and disease.
(d) The unification of knowledge in one science.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Emerson's philosophy ultimately propose?

2. What does Marx point out accompanied factories and progress in transportation?

3. How many Americans lived on farms by the end of the 19th century?

4. What does Marx say about man's hopes for nature?

5. What was unique about American manufacturing, in Coxe's view?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Daniel Webster describe industrialism?

2. What was Mark Twain's stance on technology and nature in Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court?

3. How did Emerson reconcile machines and nature?

4. What was Tench Coxe's contribution to the American pastoral ideal?

5. What was John Orvis' reaction to industrialism?

6. How did Emerson react to industrialism?

7. How developed was the land at the end of the 18th century?

8. What was America's first response to steam power in England?

9. What does fire symbolize in Hawthorne's 'The Unpardonable Sin'?

10. What is the 'Garden of Ashes' a reference to?

(see the answer keys)

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