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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was unique about American manufacturing, in Coxe's view?
(a) Markets were waiting for American goods.
(b) The environment would keep it healthy.
(c) It presented enormous economic opportunities.
(d) The raw materials were limitless.

2. How does Marx characterize man's hopes for nature?
(a) Scientific resource allocation.
(b) Pastoral idealism.
(c) Realistic planning.
(d) Consensus-based resource use.

3. What did Emerson's philosophy ultimately propose?
(a) Reconciliation of industry and nature.
(b) Domestication of nature.
(c) Urbanization of nature.
(d) Rejection of industry.

4. Who does Marx offer as examples of 'complex pastoralism' in America literature?
(a) Salinger and Bukowski.
(b) Eliot and Pound.
(c) Fitzgerald and Faulkner.
(d) Dos Passos and Hurston.

5. What would men of reason provide in Emerson's vision?
(a) Science.
(b) Leadership.
(c) Arts.
(d) Political strife.

Short Answer Questions

1. How does industrialism devalue man, in Carlyle's opinion?

2. What effect did Carlyle say industrialism would have?

3. What should man do in nature, in Thoreau's vision?

4. What feature of modern society came into existence with American industrialism?

5. What structures does Marx use as examples of how modern man mistreats nature?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Marx characterize the modern response to pastoralism?

2. What is Ishmael's relationship with Ahab, in Melville's Moby Dick?

3. What was Mark Twain's stance on technology and nature in Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court?

4. What was Tench Coxe's contribution to the American pastoral ideal?

5. What critique did Carlyle make of industrialism?

6. How did Emerson reconcile machines and nature?

7. What does Marx say the ship Pequod symbolizes in Melville's Moby Dick?

8. What were the roles of men of understanding and men of reason in Emerson's vision?

9. How did Daniel Webster describe industrialism?

10. How did Henry Adam's reconcile pastoralism and industrialism?

(see the answer keys)

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