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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How had the Enlightenment changed pastoral thought, in Marx's account?
(a) Engineers could shape nature more efficiently.
(b) Nature commanded new respect.
(c) Factories had subjugated nature.
(d) Colonization had subdued the natives and killed off predatory animals.

2. What does the end of Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' demonstrate, in Marx's interpretation?
(a) Balance between man and nature.
(b) Justice in righting old wrongs.
(c) Balance between men and women.
(d) Fairness in dividing territory.

3. What was it that Jefferson described as a threat to the moral center of democracy?
(a) Native Americans.
(b) European military power.
(c) Industrialism.
(d) Corruption.

4. What do Americans abandon when they are under the influence of the sentimental pastoral ideal?
(a) Small towns.
(b) Outdated buildings.
(c) Urban areas.
(d) Urban parks.

5. What does Marx point out was formed as a result of the Revolutionary War?
(a) Corrupt government.
(b) An industrial capacity.
(c) Filthy cities.
(d) Opposition to expansion.

6. What possibility did Marx hear resonating from the Crevecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer?
(a) The promise that a man can change his life.
(b) The promise that the wilderness can be domesticated.
(c) The promise that the city can be redeemed by the country.
(d) The promise that nature can be civilized without being corrupted.

7. How have the relationships between the city and country changed in American industrial pastoralism?
(a) They are no longer exclusive.
(b) They are no longer interdependent.
(c) They are both monetized.
(d) They are both reinvented by machines.

8. What kind of existence did Barlowe describe having encountered in his travels?
(a) Idyllic.
(b) Dangerous.
(c) Savage.
(d) Tumultuous.

9. What did Beverly describe changing in the New World as a result of European settlement?
(a) Beverly saw the whites corrupt the natives.
(b) Beverly saw the natives learn to want drink and escapism as a result of contact with settlers.
(c) Beverly saw the whites corrupt the natives.
(d) Beverly saw human nature become greedy when resources were cheap.

10. What did the settlers find appealing about the New World?
(a) It was unsoiled by civilization.
(b) Everything was free for the taking.
(c) They could buy land so cheap from the natives.
(d) It was theirs by right of conquest.

11. What does Marx relate Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' to?
(a) Indigenous people.
(b) American colonization.
(c) Political intrigue.
(d) Natural spirituality.

12. What virtues would the Jeffersonian man strike a balance between?
(a) Literature and action.
(b) Poetry and technology.
(c) Nature and civility.
(d) Urbaneness and wilderness.

13. When did the assault on American pastoralism begin, in Marx's account?
(a) 1850s.
(b) 1860s.
(c) 1840s.
(d) 1780s.

14. What is a consequence of the sentimental pastoral ideal?
(a) Rail trails.
(b) Urbanization.
(c) Exploitation of resources.
(d) Relocation to the suburbs.

15. What was the opposite of Barlowe's experience in his travels?
(a) Political intrigue.
(b) Storms and primitive land.
(c) Sparse resources and unsafe territory.
(d) Rocky soil and harsh laws.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Jefferson want to keep in Europe?

2. What does Marx say Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' demonstrates?

3. When was that work written, which Barlowe likely influenced--and which also influenced Shakespeare in its description of a pastoral paradise?

4. What is the second reaction Marx describes to industrialism?

5. What form of art had reached a peak in Thomas Jefferson's time?

(see the answer keys)

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