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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. When did complex pastoral ideology come into existence?
(a) With colonization.
(b) Eighteenth century.
(c) Nineteenth century.
(d) Twentieth century.

2. When did a uniquely American pastoral image emerge?
(a) Nineteenth century.
(b) Eighteenth century.
(c) At colonization.
(d) Seventeenth century.

3. Which leisure activity does Marx identify as revealing the influence of the sentimental pastoral ideal?
(a) Theatre.
(b) Flying.
(c) Travel.
(d) Hiking.

4. What did Beverly describe as the paradox of existence in the New World?
(a) Settlers brought progress, but the natives didn't want it.
(b) Settlers wanted a paradise, but replicated their towns and government.
(c) Natives wanted progress, but then they hated themselves.
(d) Whites wanted peace with the natives, but took their land to start wars.

5. How do Americans express their sentimental pastoral ideal?
(a) By mining resources.
(b) By building cities.
(c) By conserving.
(d) By making green spaces.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the first stage of life that Marx describes through Shakespeare's 'The Tempest'?

2. What is the third stage of life that Marx describes through Shakespeare's 'The Tempest'?

3. What secondary plot does Marx see as important for his purposes?

4. When did the pastoral idea become part of American culture?

5. How did Barlowe describe the indigenous people he encountered?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Robert Beverly describe the New World in his History?

2. What is the consequence of the pastoral ideal?

3. In what way does the railroad symbolize the industrial intrusion into a pastoral idyll?

4. What discovery does Marx say we find in Crevecoeur's Letters from an American Farmer?

5. What is the pastoral ideal?

6. How does Marx describe the value of Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' in 'The Machine in the Garden'?

7. How long does Marx say the pastoral ideal has endured?

8. What does Marx mean when he says that America offered a middle way for men?

9. What are the three spatial stages a person goes through in pastoral ideal?

10. What characters does Marx cite as examples of people who have gone through those three stages?

(see the answer keys)

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