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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. How have the relationships between the city and country changed in American industrial pastoralism?
(a) They are both monetized.
(b) They are no longer exclusive.
(c) They are no longer interdependent.
(d) They are both reinvented by machines.

2. When did Thomas Jefferson publish his Notes on Virginia?
(a) 1803.
(b) 1781.
(c) 1789.
(d) 1776.

3. America was depicted as a paradise that was also what, in Marx's account?
(a) A source for good in the Old World.
(b) A place of redemption.
(c) A refuge.
(d) A place of hardship.

4. What sources does Marx suppose Shakespeare read for 'The Tempest'?
(a) Accounts of travel to India.
(b) Accounts of African tribes.
(c) Accounts of travel to the New World.
(d) Accounts of travel to the Pacific islands.

5. What desire does Marx describe as the opposite of Barlowe's view?
(a) The desire to know the earth mystically.
(b) The desire to convert the savages.
(c) The desire to make the earth productive.
(d) The desire to tame the landscape.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did the first settlers see Virginia, in Beverly's history?

2. How have liberal thinkers portrayed the sentimental pastoral ideal, in Marx's account?

3. What is the second reaction Marx describes to industrialism?

4. When was that work written, which Barlowe likely influenced--and which also influenced Shakespeare in its description of a pastoral paradise?

5. What were the keys to the American landscape, in the views that were the opposite of Barlowe's?

Short Essay Questions

1. In what way does the railroad symbolize the industrial intrusion into a pastoral idyll?

2. What feature of American culture allowed Jefferson's ideal to survive for 100 years?

3. How does Marx describe the value of Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' in 'The Machine in the Garden'?

4. How does Shakespeare demonstrate the impossibility of the pastoral ideal?

5. What view typified the opposite of the bountiful-Edenic image of the New World?

6. What is complex pastoral ideology?

7. How did Jefferson describe the frontier in his Notes on Virginia?

8. Where has the pastoral ideal been apparent in American culture?

9. What is the consequence of the pastoral ideal?

10. What contradiction marks the early accounts of the New World, according to Marx?

(see the answer keys)

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