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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What aspects of European civilization were the Virginia settlers glad to leave behind, in Beverly's history?
(a) Plagues and uncertainty over medical treatment.
(b) Dogmas and conflicts over religion.
(c) Vanities and conflicts over property.
(d) Suppression of religious expression.

2. How did Jefferson describe the representative man in Notes on Virginia?
(a) A virtuous man of nature.
(b) An industrious, independent farmer.
(c) A powerful industrialist.
(d) An inventive entrepreneur.

3. What associations were suggested by Marx's leading symbol of industrialism?
(a) Power, productivity, and order.
(b) Fire, smoke and speed.
(c) Steam, progress, and control over the ocean.
(d) Efficiency, control, and profit.

4. How had feelings about nature changed by Jefferson's time?
(a) Nature had become a mirror for man's corrupt soul.
(b) Nature seemed benevolent compared with the disordered city.
(c) Nature seemed chaotic and devilish compared with civilization.
(d) Nature seemed divine and benevolent compared with corrupt man.

5. When did Robert Beverly write his history of Virginia?
(a) 1703.
(b) 1607.
(c) 1620.
(d) 1690.

Short Answer Questions

1. What threat to the country's moral superiority had developed by Jefferson's time?

2. What would Gonzalo's ideal be characterized by?

3. What part of 'The Tempest' held special interest for Marx?

4. How does Marx characterize Prospero and members of the court?

5. Marx writes that America offered men a middle state between what and what in the eighteenth century?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is complex pastoral ideology?

2. How does Marx describe the value of Shakespeare's 'The Tempest' in 'The Machine in the Garden'?

3. What view did the colonists take of the New World in the early years of colonization?

4. Where has the pastoral ideal been apparent in American culture?

5. What are the three spatial stages a person goes through in pastoral ideal?

6. What feature of American culture allowed Jefferson's ideal to survive for 100 years?

7. How did Robert Beverly describe the New World in his History?

8. How did Jefferson separate America and Europe in his Notes on Virginia?

9. How does Marx describe the ambiguity of existence Beverly hit on?

10. Why was Beverly ultimately disappointed in the New World?

(see the answer keys)

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