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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why was Rabelais linked so closely to the Lyon fairs?
(a) Rabelais was a chief organizer of these fairs.
(b) Rabelais was a performing clown for several years in these fairs.
(c) Lyon fairs represented one of the largest markets for publishing.
(d) The organizers of the fairs in Lyon banned Rabelais from attending them.

2. In which twentieth-century movement was the grotesque especially evident?
(a) Impressionism.
(b) Futurism.
(c) Expressionism.
(d) Modernism.

3. Rabelais expresses the debasement of suffering and fear by associating them with:
(a) Hunger.
(b) Sexual intercourse.
(c) Defecation.
(d) Religious fervor.

4. What was the reception of Rabelais' work in the eighteenth century?
(a) His work was viewed as unintelligible and barbaric.
(b) Other writers used his topics as a jumping-off point for their own works.
(c) His work was viewed as a revival of Classical writing.
(d) Other writers strove to emulate his style.

5. How does Bakhtin interpret the relevance of the cries of Paris to Renaissance France?
(a) The cries were the people's only method of exchanging ideas.
(b) The cries negate the revitalization of the marketplace.
(c) The cries combine the reality of practical life with festive utopian universalism.
(d) The cries suggest a deep discontent in the Parisian populace.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Bakhtin's semiotic understanding, what irony is inherent within the creative power of language?

2. During Bakhtin's time, what genre was being closely defined by the Soviet government?

3. According to Bakhtin, what is the function of art?

4. The verbal interactions between the Renaissance marketplace hawker and the crowd were above all:

5. What do Rabelais' various works indicate about the popular notion of urination?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the "cris de Paris," or "street cries"?

2. Describe the Renaissance student writings.

3. What does tripe represent, in Bakhtin's analysis?

4. Describe the Catchpoles and what they symbolize.

5. What do Bakhtin's examples of Rabelais' tales of extraordinary urination have in common?

6. What was Rabelais' relationship with the fairs based upon?

7. How does the marketplace become an indicator of folk culture in general?

8. How does Rabelais describe the human body in the context of grotesque realism?

9. What is Bakhtin's general idea about the purpose of art?

10. What is important about the figure of the physician in Rabelais' novel?

(see the answer keys)

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