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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 6, Chapter 2 - Language of the Marketplace Cont..

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The core images of the prologue of _Gargantua_ are:
(a) Scenes of travel and journeys.
(b) Scenes of pious worship.
(c) Scenes of violence.
(d) Scenes of eating and drinking.

2. Why are Rabelais' billingsgate elements considered "coarse and cynical" by most scholars?
(a) Many scholars interpret them only in a modern context.
(b) Many scholars believe that Rabelais himself was bitter from publication disputes.
(c) These elements express a deep distrust of contemporary society.
(d) The Latin derivations of his scatological vocabulary mean "cynical."

3. In Rabelais' works, some causes of diseases associated with the material body lower stratum are:
(a) Results of a sickly infancy and childhood.
(b) Divine retribution for one's sins.
(c) Overindulgence in food, drink, and sex.
(d) Results of public punishments for social crimes.

4. The combination of solemnity and joking in the tone of the Prologue to the Third Book indicates:
(a) The importance and necessity of laughter.
(b) The complex explanation of the Prologue to the readers.
(c) The confusion the author experiences with this combination.
(d) The opinion that humor must be subordinate to seriousness.

5. What style does Bakhtin find the prologue of _Pantagruel_ to be written in?
(a) It is rhetorical and persuasive.
(b) It is ironic and maliciously exaggerated.
(c) It is innocent and childlike.
(d) It is dark and foreboding.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Bakhtin consider the most indispensable element of folk culture?

2. Mikhail Bakhtin is:

3. In the seventeenth century, the decline of laughter as a primary force in folk culture resulted from:

4. What work of literature is parodied in the prologue of _Gargantua_?

5. After Rabelais' time, the use of laughter in literature and culture moved in which direction?

(see the answer key)

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