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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chapter 2 - The Language of the Marketplace.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Medieval parodies were:
(a) Concerned with the positive, humorous aspects of everything.
(b) Limited to religious parody.
(c) Focused on the negative aspects of society.
(d) Limited to parody of individuals.

2. What does Bakhtin consider the most indispensable element of folk culture?
(a) Marriage.
(b) Death rituals.
(c) Fables.
(d) Carnival.

3. What do oaths and curses have in common with town announcements and the calls of vendors?
(a) They all are forbidden during certain times of the year.
(b) They are the only socially acceptable methods of greeting strangers.
(c) They are all said with the same feelings in mind.
(d) They all are familiar parts of the society of the marketplace.

4. What is a "marketplace spectacle"?
(a) Specifically the public whipping of a criminal in the center of the marketplace.
(b) A series of booths dedicated solely to bilking customers out of their money.
(c) The mundane goings-on of a typical French Renaissance marketplace.
(d) A theatrical production arranged atop a platform in the center of the marketplace.

5. How does Bakhtin define the novel?
(a) As a work of pure imagination.
(b) As a multiplicity of styles.
(c) As a worthless type of literature.
(d) As a single-voiced text.

Short Answer Questions

1. What in particular forms the basic elements of Rabelais' novel _Gargantua_?

2. During the "feast of fools" and the "feast of the ass," laughter:

3. When the grotesque was revived in the Romantic era, what did it react against?

4. Why are Rabelais' billingsgate elements considered "coarse and cynical" by most scholars?

5. Why was Rabelais linked so closely to the Lyon fairs?

(see the answer key)

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