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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 4, Chapter 2 - The Language of the Marketplace.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Medieval parodies were:
(a) Concerned with the positive, humorous aspects of everything.
(b) Limited to parody of individuals.
(c) Focused on the negative aspects of society.
(d) Limited to religious parody.

2. What was unique about the Russian Revolution?
(a) People of all classes and occupations were centrally involved.
(b) It was purely a religious revolt.
(c) Only the elite class was involved.
(d) It continues into the present day.

3. When did the Russian Revolution occur?
(a) 1945.
(b) 1917.
(c) 1936.
(d) 1850.

4. Comic rituals in Medieval and Renaissance Europe were:
(a) Freed of the trappings of religious dogma and mysticism.
(b) Necessary to mercantile transactions.
(c) All that which linked the living to the dead.
(d) Taboo in all settings but the royal court.

5. Why are Rabelais' billingsgate elements considered "coarse and cynical" by most scholars?
(a) These elements express a deep distrust of contemporary society.
(b) The Latin derivations of his scatological vocabulary mean "cynical."
(c) Many scholars believe that Rabelais himself was bitter from publication disputes.
(d) Many scholars interpret them only in a modern context.

Short Answer Questions

1. What in particular forms the basic elements of Rabelais' novel _Gargantua_?

2. What are the "intelligentsia"?

3. In which twentieth-century movement was the grotesque especially evident?

4. Mikhail Bakhtin is:

5. When the grotesque was revived in the Romantic era, what did it react against?

(see the answer key)

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