2. What Renaissance series of works was highly influential to Rabelais' notion of the grotesque body?
(a) The "Oriental Tales."
(b) The "Indian Wonders."
(c) The "New World Chronicles."
(d) The "Nordic Fictions."

3. How does Bakhtin define the episode involving Villon and Tappecoue?
(a) As a comedic interlude.
(b) As an epic drama.
(c) As a historical re-enactment.
(d) As a tragic farce.

4. In the Fourth Book, why does Villon set a trap for Tappecoue (or "Ticklepecker")?
(a) Tappecoue refused to lend Villon vestments for his play.
(b) Tappecoue refused to lie to the king about Villon's sacrilege.
(c) Tappecoue insulted Villon's family.
(d) Tappecoue stole a large sum of money from Villon.

5. Why was gaming very important in the Renaissance?
(a) Gaming was deemed sinful and was forbidden by the Church.
(b) Games defined the distinction between social classes.
(c) Gaming reinforced the "official" ways of thinking.
(d) Games represented another form of understanding the cycle of life.

6. Bakhtin discusses "Cyprian's Supper," which is a play about:
(a) Figures from the Bible at a great feast.
(b) Greed which results in a shortage of food.
(c) A man who fasted for a year.
(d) A wedding banquet for a prince.

7. What in Rabelais' novel is a travesty of Gospel miracles?
(a) Gargantua's glimpse into heaven and dialogue with God.
(b) Friar John's defense of the abbey vineyards and beating of thousands.
(c) Epistemon's resurrection and visions of the underworld.
(d) Panurge's seduction of a local knight's wife.

8. What is the theme of "cuckoldry"?
(a) The act of voting a new mayor and chasing the old one out of town.
(b) The portion of the feast in which all the fowl are consumed.
(c) The introduction of one rooster into a rowdy henhouse.
(d) The rejection of an old husband and the crowning of a new husband.

9. The defense of the abbey by Friar John contains:
(a) A grotesque combination of sexual intercourse and war.
(b) A debasing description of the French people.
(c) A caricature of the Pope.
(d) A travestied allusion to Communion.

10. How does Bakhtin define "carnivalesque hell"?
(a) Depraved because it encourages wanton sexual gratification.
(b) Leisurely because everyone seems to be on holiday.
(c) Negative because everyone, including demons, are always suffering.
(d) Ambivalent because it includes both fear and laughter.

11. What does Bakhtin argue is the relationship between the death of Tappecoue and the episode of the Catchpoles?
(a) The sin of violence is paramount in each.
(b) Sexual relationships take center stage in each event.
(c) Freedom and equality are expressed bodily and coarsely in each event.
(d) The local people were shocked and saddened by each event.

12. What episode does Bakhtin cite as exemplifying the image of the gaping mouth prevalent in Rabelais' novel?
(a) God's breath creating the four winds.
(b) People living in Pantagruel's mouth.
(c) Gargantua drinking the entire Seine river.
(d) Gargamelle eating an entire cow in one bite.

13. How does Friar John interpret the riddle he and Gargantua hear?
(a) As a promise of Armageddon and the return of Christ.
(b) As a representation of a tennis match.
(c) As an indication of his own increasing wealth.
(d) As a promise of winter floods and summer drought.

14. Goethe traces the roots of Carnival to the:
(a) Mesopotamians.
(b) Phoenicians.
(c) Greeks.
(d) Romans.

15. "Fat William," of comic folklore, symbolized:
(a) Bread and wine in bodily form.
(b) Catholicism's huge influence in Europe.
(c) The health risks of obesity.
(d) The entire body of the people.