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This quiz consists of 5 multiple choice and 5 short answer questions through Chapter 3, Intro. cont. & Chapter 1 - Rabelais in the History of Laughter.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After Rabelais' time, the use of laughter in literature and culture moved in which direction?
(a) From singular to universal.
(b) From spiritual to earthly.
(c) From universal to restricted.
(d) From accepted to encouraged.

2. In which twentieth-century movement was the grotesque especially evident?
(a) Expressionism.
(b) Modernism.
(c) Futurism.
(d) Impressionism.

3. According to Bakhtin, what is the function of art?
(a) To communicate meaningful messages.
(b) To be sold for money or services.
(c) To glorify the artist.
(d) To be beautiful in and of itself.

4. Medieval parodies were:
(a) Concerned with the positive, humorous aspects of everything.
(b) Focused on the negative aspects of society.
(c) Limited to religious parody.
(d) Limited to parody of individuals.

5. The purpose of "travesty" in folk festivals was to:
(a) Indicate the importance of travel to an individual's self-development.
(b) Call upon something serious and make it amusing.
(c) Irreversibly denigrate everything it could.
(d) Reassert traditional definitions of social and spiritual life.

Short Answer Questions

1. What are the "intelligentsia"?

2. What is "man's second nature," according to Renaissance Christian doctrine?

3. How does Bakhtin define the novel?

4. Carnival allowed:

5. What does the "form" of any kind of art express?

(see the answer key)

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