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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Aristotle define democracy in Book 2, Chapter 8?

2. What description of the ethical appeal was given by Aristotle?

3. In the beginning of the book, which one of the following did Aristotle indicate about rhetoric?

4. What was another word used for "legal" in Aristotle's discussion of legal rhetoric?

5. As explained by Aristotle, what comprised good?

Short Essay Questions

1. How was dialectic defined and what was its connection to rhetoric?

2. Besides war and peace and national defense, what other subjects of political oratory did Aristotle include in Book 1, Chapter 4?

3. In what ways might indignation be considered the opposite of pity, and how did it differ from envy or emulation?

4. How was the emotional appeal defined by Aristotle?

5. Which tactics did Aristotle indicate a epideictic rhetorician could use?

6. Which ways should the political rhetorician consider the degree of goodness in forming a convincing argument?

7. What was considered pleasant and unpleasant for the forensic speaker?

8. In what way were contracts used by a legal rhetorician?

9. Based on Aristotle's analysis of crimes, what would cause a person to commit a crime and how would they select their victim?

10. What differences between a rhetorician and a dialectician were mentioned by Aristotle?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain the three stages of a lifetime that Aristotle outlined, the connection between a person's age and circumstances, the examples that Aristotle gave to support his views, and the reasons why he might have had those views about age and life. Provide your own examples in your analysis of which points you agree and/or disagree with Aristotle about his opinions on the stages in a person's life.

Essay Topic 2

Define narration as it is used in rhetoric or in a speech, including an explanation of which forms of rhetoric were most likely to use narration and why, and the similarities and differences between narration in literature and narration in speaking.

Essay Topic 3

In the book, Aristotle discussed the three characterizations of sayings in prose.

1) Explain how antithesis sayings are used in rhetoric and provide three examples of them.

2) Describe how metaphors are used in rhetoric and provide three examples of them.

3) Explain how vivid descriptions are used in rhetoric and provide three examples of them.

4) Analyze when antithesis sayings, metaphors, and vivid descriptions would be the most effective in rhetoric or oratory.

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