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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In comparison to the other appeals, how much did Aristotle think that rhetoric resembled the dialectic in the logical appeal?
(a) Rhetoric resembled dialectic exactly in the logical appeal.
(b) Rhetoric resembled dialectic the least in the logical appeal.
(c) Rhetoric most closely resembled dialectic in the logical appeal.
(d) Rhetoric resembled dialectic the same in the logical appeal.

2. Which one of the following was mentioned by Aristotle as a way that anger was useful in oratory?
(a) To enhance the effect of the speaker's argument.
(b) To give authority to the speaker.
(c) To diminish the effect of an opposing argument.
(d) To give credibility to the speaker.

3. Based on the information in Book I, Chapter 12, when did people commit crimes?
(a) When they refused to think about the risk of punishment.
(b) When they thought the reward to be gained outweighed the risk of punishment.
(c) When they thought the risk of punishment was nonexistent.
(d) When they thought the reward was as big as the risk of punishment.

4. What did Aristotle think was not sought by a person displaying kindness?
(a) Compensation.
(b) Self-respect.
(c) Friendship.
(d) Mutual respect.

5. As explained by Aristotle in Book I, Chapter 10, what was the concern of the legal rhetorician?
(a) Only proving wrongdoing.
(b) Either proving or disproving wrongdoing.
(c) Only disproving wrongdoing.
(d) Neither proving nor disproving wrongdoing.

6. Considering Aristotle's views in Book I, Chapter 2, how would the emotional appeal move an audience?
(a) Through reason, not their feelings.
(b) Through their feelings, not reason.
(c) Through neither their feelings or reason.
(d) Through their feelings and reason.

7. As explained in Book II, Chapter 4, what type of friends were people most likely to choose?
(a) Ones that associated with people different from them.
(b) Ones that had a similar social or economic status.
(c) Ones that had a different social or economic status.
(d) Ones that associated with the same people as them.

8. How did Aristotle think the speaker should present themselves to the audience?
(a) In a way that inspired trust.
(b) In a way that appeared to be on the same level as the audience.
(c) In a way that inspired knowledge.
(d) In a way that appeared to be above the audience.

9. In the beginning of the book, which one of the following did Aristotle indicate about rhetoric?
(a) It was an art.
(b) It was neither an art nor a science.
(c) It was an art and a science.
(d) It was a science.

10. In addition to the relationships with other countries, what other part of war and peace did Aristotle explain?
(a) The preparedness of a country's army.
(b) The expansion of a country's army.
(c) The security of a country's borders.
(d) The clarification of a country's borders.

11. Based on Aristotle's explanation, what was the difference between envy and emulation?
(a) Envy is about wanting another to lose their goods while emulation is about wanting the goods for oneself.
(b) Envy is about wanting the goods for oneself while emulation is about wanting another person to lose their goods.
(c) Envy can be about a situation while emulation can only be directed towards another person.
(d) Envy can only be directed towards another person while emulation can be about a situation.

12. Why did Aristotle think the completion of a difficult task was pleasant?
(a) What is difficult to get is always better than what is easy to get.
(b) What is difficult to get is mostly better than what is easy to get.
(c) What is difficult to get requires extra effort that makes it more rewarding.
(d) What is diffcult to get requires dedication that makes it more rewarding.

13. Which tactic was not included as something that an epideictic rhetorician might use?
(a) Comparison.
(b) Amplification.
(c) Competition.
(d) Exaggeration.

14. As explained in Book I, Chapter 14, which things should be considered when deciding the unjustness of an action?
(a) Past crimes, associations, and intentions.
(b) Past crimes and the intentions.
(c) Past crimes and associations.
(d) Associations and intentions.

15. How many non-technical means of persuasion did Aristotle discuss in Book I, Chapter 15?
(a) Four.
(b) Five.
(c) Two.
(d) Three.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Aristotle define that which is unpleasant?

2. What did Aristotle think was the intent of all voluntary actions?

3. What was another word used for "legal" in Aristotle's discussion of legal rhetoric?

4. Who did Aristotle think calmness was felt towards?

5. In contrast to syllogism, how did Aristotle explain the difference between the arguments in enthymemes?

(see the answer keys)

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