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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Why might a speaker use the ethical appeal?
(a) To make their claims easier to repeat.
(b) To make their claims more complicated.
(c) To make their claims easier to understand.
(d) To make their claims more credible.

2. How many non-technical means of persuasion did Aristotle discuss in Book I, Chapter 15?
(a) Three.
(b) Four.
(c) Two.
(d) Five.

3. What type of resources available to the government did Aristotle mention in Book I, Chapter 4?
(a) Everything except financial.
(b) Financial.
(c) Everything except financial and legal.
(d) Financial and legal.

4. What did Aristotle think was the intent of all voluntary actions?
(a) Some apparent recognition or pleasure.
(b) Some apparent good or pleasure.
(c) Some apparent good, recognition, or pleasure.
(d) Some apparent good or recognition.

5. Which one of the following was mentioned by Aristotle as a way that anger was useful in oratory?
(a) To diminish the effect of an opposing argument.
(b) To give credibility to the speaker.
(c) To enhance the effect of the speaker's argument.
(d) To give authority to the speaker.

6. Which of the following were examples of the involuntary causes for human action that Aristotle outlined?
(a) Luck, nature, and compulsion.
(b) Luck, nature, and habit.
(c) Luck, nature, habit, and compulsion.
(d) Luck, habit, and compulsion.

7. What were three examples of the voluntary causes for human action listed by Aristotle?
(a) Anger, compulsion, and appetite.
(b) Reasoning, anger, and appetite.
(c) Reasoning, anger, and compulsion.
(d) Reasoning, compulsion, and appetite.

8. Which type(s) of happiness was Aristotle referring to in Book I, Chapter 5?
(a) Equal happiness.
(b) Individual happiness, equal happiness, and prosperity for the country.
(c) Prosperity for the country.
(d) Individual happiness.

9. Who did Aristotle think must obey the general law?
(a) All of humanity.
(b) Over half of humanity.
(c) At least half of humanity.
(d) At least three quarters of humanity.

10. Based on Aristotle's explanation, why was it not possible to be angry at humanity in general?
(a) Because it was impossible for humanity to have incited fear from a single person.
(b) Because it was impossible for a single person to understand any unfairness by humanity.
(c) Because it was impossible for humanity to be unfair in general.
(d) Because it was impossible for humanity to have wronged a single person.

11. How did Aristotle define democracy in Book 2, Chapter 8?
(a) A representative elected by the majority.
(b) Three branches of a government.
(c) The freedom of its citizens.
(d) Two forms of government.

12. What description of the ethical appeal was given by Aristotle?
(a) Appeal to the speaker's past.
(b) Appeal to the speaker's character.
(c) Appeal to the speaker's associations.
(d) Appeal to the speaker's intent.

13. Besides proof with explicit premises, what was included in Aristotle's definition of syllogism?
(a) An introduction.
(b) A conclusion.
(c) Multiple examples.
(d) An example.

14. As explained in Book II, Chapter 4, what type of friends were people most likely to choose?
(a) Ones that had a similar social or economic status.
(b) Ones that associated with people different from them.
(c) Ones that associated with the same people as them.
(d) Ones that had a different social or economic status.

15. As Aristotle explained, in which situations would rhetoric be useful?
(a) Situations where dialectic would be understood.
(b) Situations where dialectic would also be appropriate.
(c) Situations where dialectic would be inappropriate.
(d) Situations where dialectic would be misunderstood.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which one of the following was not listed by Aristotle as a form of happiness?

2. Which cause of human action did Aristotle mention as always being unpleasant?

3. According to Aristotle in Book I, Chapter 1, what was not a concern of rhetoric?

4. As explained in Book I, Chapter 10, what did the general law refer to?

5. As discussed by Aristotle, how many modes of persuasion did rhetoric use?

(see the answer keys)

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