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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Both F.R. Leavis and Edmund Husserl seek to grasp the thing in itself, or the ______for Husserl and ______for Leavis.

2. Who wrote "What is Literature" on literary reception and was published in 1948?

3. According to Eagleton, the literary work in Romantic society is seen as a ________ that is in contrast to the "fragmented individualism" of capitalist society?

4. What is the name of the economist Eagleton discusses in his preface?

5. According to Eagleton, why is Hans-Georg Gadamer not concerned about bringing our cultural preconceptions to a literary work?

Short Essay Questions

1. What kind of thought does a literary education not encourage, according to Eagleton, and what does this signify?

2. During the eighteenth century, how was art perceived in England and why is it significant?

3. What is Eagleton's major problem with formalism and why is it significant?

4. What is the reach of the "theoretical revolution" and why is it significant?

5. How has the population in higher education changed in Britain since the 1960s and what it its significance?

6. What was the dominant ideology of eighteenth-century England?

7. How did the Russian formalists answer the question "what is literature?" and why was it significant?

8. How does phenomenological criticism view literature and what is Eagleton's response?

9. How did the romantic movement develop and why is it significant?

10. In the nineteenth century, what was the outcome of religion as a result of the industrial revolution where new technologies and science were being developed?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Explain Eagleton's ideas on structuralism.

1) Choose two positive aspects of structuralism.

2) Choose two negative aspects of structuralism.

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast the work of Northrop Frye with Stanely Fish. What are their methodologies?

Essay Topic 3

Discuss Roland Barthes work on signs. In particular, how did he categorize signs in terms of their function?

(see the answer keys)

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