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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who developed hermeneutics?
(a) Hans-Georg Gadamer.
(b) Roland Barthes.
(c) Stanley Fish.
(d) E.D. Hirsch.

2. What is the name of the critic from the Constance school of reception aesthetics and the author of "The Act of Reading" who Eagleton discusses at length?
(a) Wolfgang Iser.
(b) Jean Paul Sartre.
(c) Roman Ingarden.
(d) Roland Barthes.

3. From the viewpoint of Roland Barthes, Eagleton argues that "reading is less like a _______ than a _________."
(a) "Laboratory; boudoir."
(b) "Boudoir; system."
(c) "Boudoir; laboratory."
(d) "Philosophy; laboratory."

4. According to Eagleton, "properly understood, literary theory is shaped by a ______impulse rather than an _______one."
(a) Different; indifferent.
(b) Popular; unpopular.
(c) Democratic; elitist.
(d) Cultivated; uncultivated.

5. Who wrote "What is Literature" on literary reception and was published in 1948?
(a) Jean Paul Sartre.
(b) Roland Barthes.
(c) Stanley Fish.
(d) Wolfgang Iser.

6. According to Eagleton, William Empson "insists on treating poetry as a species of ______language."
(a) Religious.
(b) Spectacular.
(c) Secular.
(d) Ordinary.

7. What period did our own definition of literature begin to emerge, according to Eagleton?
(a) Modernist period.
(b) Enlightenment period.
(c) Romantic period.
(d) Victorian period.

8. Eagleton argues that if literature includes much factual writing, it also excludes "quite a lot of" what?
(a) Fiction.
(b) Autobiography.
(c) Biography.
(d) Nonfiction.

9. According to Eagleton, the sentence "this is awfully squiggly handwriting" from Knut Hamsun's "Hunger" tells him its literary because of what reason?
(a) The facts.
(b) The content.
(c) The ideas.
(d) The context.

10. The Russian formalists rejected what kind of doctrines that had influenced literary criticism?
(a) Quasi-mystical psychoanalytic doctrines.
(b) Quasi-mystical symbolist doctrines.
(c) Quasi-mystical religious doctrines.
(d) Quasi-mystical fictional doctrines.

11. Who was Husserl's most famous pupil who broke with his system of thought?
(a) Ayn Rand.
(b) Hannah Arendt.
(c) Walter Benjamin.
(d) Martin Heidegger.

12. What year did Terry Eagleton's "Literary Theory: An Introduction" first appear?
(a) 1963.
(b) 1983.
(c) 1993.
(d) 1943.

13. What is "imaginative" literature or literature that is not necessarily true?
(a) Fiction.
(b) Biography.
(c) Memoir.
(d) Nonfiction.

14. For Eagleton, opposition between "historical" and "artistic" truth does NOT apply to what?
(a) Early Icelandic sagas.
(b) Middle English.
(c) Fairy-tales.
(d) Late Victorian novels.

15. How far has the "theoretical revolution" spread according to Eagleton?
(a) Within the inner circle of critics and readers.
(b) Far beyond the circle of specialists and enthusiasts.
(c) Not beyond the circle of specialists and enthusiasts.
(d) To the outer circle of critics and readers.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Eagleton, the Russian formalist shifted their attention to the "material reality" of what?

2. According to Eagleton, formalism is the application of what to the study of literature?

3. What person is NOT included in the ranks of Russian formalists?

4. According to Eagleton, the "very meaning of _______, ________ and _________ has undergone deep alteration."

5. What genre of writing does Eagleton provide that is an example of writing that is NOT considered to be literature?

(see the answer keys)

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