1. What is the name of the economist Eagleton discusses in his preface?
(a) Adam Smith.
(b) I. Fischer.
(c) Gordon Tuck.
(d) J. M. Keynes.

2. According to the Russian critic Roman Jakobson, literature represents "organized ______committed on ordinary _______."
(a) Violence; speech.
(b) Violence; people.
(c) Religion; writing.
(d) Protest; speech.

3. According to Eagleton, structuralism exposed what "shocking truth"?
(a) The even our most private thoughts is caused by structure.
(b) That even our most pleasurable experience is outside the realm of structure.
(c) That even our most painful experience is outside the realm of structure.
(d) That even our most intimate experience is the effect of a structure.

4. According to Eagleton, structuralism is a ________of inquiry whereas semiotics is a ______ of study.
(a) Type; manner.
(b) Manner; field.
(c) Method; field.
(d) Field; type.

5. What are the three points Eagleton notes about the method of structuralism?
(a) It is evaluative not analytic; it refuses obvious meaning of the text; and the narrative content is its meaning.
(b) It is idealistic not rational; it doesn't understand the obvious meaning of the text; and the narrative content is its meaning.
(c) It is rational not idealistic; it accepts the obvious meaning of the text; and the content of the narrative is its structure.
(d) It is analytic not evaluative; it refuses obvious meaning of the text; and the content of the narrative is its structure.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the name of the Russian formalist who published the pioneering essay that is the "beginnings of the transformation which has taken over literary theory in this century"?

2. What is the name Edmund Husserl gave to his philosophical method?

3. According to Eagleton, structuralism has proved that there is nothing _____ about codes.

4. What three sequential stages does Eagleton point out in the development of modern literary theory?

5. Who developed hermeneutics?

(see the answer key)

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