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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What quality did U.S. slave owners encourage in their slaves?

2. After the 1906 earthquake, when 10,000 Japanese were left homeless, how many applied for public relief?

3. In California, Japanese immigrants initiated what two business models?

4. What type of immigrant group is most likely to retain a foreign language and culture?

5. What vices were commonly available in Chinatown?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was unique about the slave population of the United States when compared with slaves in other countries?

2. What qualities distinguished Japanese school children in the U.S.?

3. What was unusual about the Japanese government's approach to emigration to the U.S.?

4. Why has Mexican immigration divided the mainstream population?

5. How did American law operate against Chinese immigrants?

6. What are the "pushes" and "pulls" that bring Mexican immigrants to the United States?

7. What are some socioeconomic results of early marriages and high fertility rates among Puerto Rican immigrants?

8. Why were most early Chinese immigrants to the U.S. sojourners?

9. What anti-Japanese legislation in California caused problems for the Japanese immigrants?

10. How are black Americans both the oldest and the youngest immigrant group?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Sowell speaks of acculturation in concentric rings. What does he mean by this metaphor? What are examples of groups which would be in the inner circles? What are examples of groups which would be on the outer circles?

Essay Topic 2

The alternating welcome/rejection of Chinese immigrants is a complicated story. In your essay, examine how and why restrictive immigration laws ultimately led to crime and vice among Chinese immigrants.

Essay Topic 3

Repression and oppression have led to the development of different skills in different ethnic groups. Write an essay considering such questions as the following: What skills did the Irish develop in response to British domination? What skills did Jews develop in response to almost universal discrimination? What skills did the Japanese and Chinese develop in response to severe restrictions on their freedom in the U.S.? What conclusion can you draw from this data?

(see the answer keys)

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