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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which ethnic group got along best with the Indians?
(a) British.
(b) Celtic Irish.
(c) Germans.
(d) Scotch-Irish.

2. What important social change did Germans bring to the mainstream culture?
(a) Beer drinking.
(b) Stricter morals and mores.
(c) Respect for science.
(d) Promotion of family entertainment.

3. Where do most people of Irish ancestry live?
(a) In Ireland.
(b) In Canada.
(c) In the British Isles.
(d) In the United States.

4. What was a "redemptioner"?
(a) A purchaser of indentures.
(b) A German immigrant who expected relatives to pay his way.
(c) An indentured servant.
(d) A slave.

5. At the turn of the century, what was the population density of the lower East Side in New York?
(a) Five hundred people per acre.
(b) Two hundred people per acre.
(c) Seven hundred people per acre.
(d) One hundred people per acre.

6. What is the most affluent ethnic group in the U.S.?
(a) Jewish.
(b) Chinese.
(c) Irish.
(d) Japanese.

7. What area in the United States contained the greatest number of Jews ever assembled in one place on earth?
(a) Brooklyn.
(b) Philadelphia.
(c) Boston.
(d) Manhattan.

8. Which ethnic group has the highest fertility rates?
(a) Blacks.
(b) Polish Americans.
(c) Chinese Americans.
(d) Mexican-Americans.

9. What is the "diaspora"?
(a) The immigration of the Jews to the United States.
(b) The gathering of the Jews to the new nation of Israel.
(c) The discrimination against Jews.
(d) The dispersion of the Jews throughout the world.

10. Where did most American Jews originate?
(a) Israel.
(b) Turkey.
(c) China.
(d) Eastern Europe.

11. What language did German Jews speak?
(a) Yiddish.
(b) English.
(c) Hebrew.
(d) German.

12. In what area did 19th century Germans consider themselves superior to Irish?
(a) Sports.
(b) Americanization.
(c) Education.
(d) Religion.

13. What virtue was already ingrained in European Jews when they arrived?
(a) Conviviality.
(b) Good humor.
(c) Self-reliance.
(d) Philanthropy.

14. What tools have Jews traditionally used to respond to adversity?
(a) Resourcefulness and perserverance.
(b) Hatred and intimidation.
(c) Force and violence.
(d) Charm and gregariousness.

15. How long did it take to cross the Atlantic in a steamship?
(a) Two months.
(b) Ten months.
(c) Ten weeks.
(d) Ten days.

Short Answer Questions

1. What early 20th century occupation was 90% done by Italians?

2. Which group of Italian immigrants were at the bottom of their social scale?

3. What industry occupied nearly half of Russian Jews prior to their emigration to the U.S.?

4. During the decades surrounding the beginning of the 20th century, what proportion of Eastern European Jews moved to the United States?

5. What is the largest single ethnic group in the U.S.?

(see the answer keys)

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