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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Where did the majority of Celtic Irish congregate?
(a) The urban Northeast.
(b) The rural North.
(c) The rural South.
(d) The urban Southeast.

2. What is the "ghetto crouch?"
(a) A refusal to respond to bullying.
(b) A violent response to bullying.
(c) A proactive response to bullying.
(d) A passive response to bullying.

3. What advantages did early Irish immigrants have over others?
(a) They were hard workers and used to urban life.
(b) They spoke English and many were literate.
(c) They had business acumen and education.
(d) They had skills for industrialization.

4. With acculturation, IQ rates tend to:
(a) Fall.
(b) Remain constant.
(c) Rise.
(d) Become insignificant.

5. How did Italian immigrants to the U.S. regard education?
(a) With hope.
(b) With hostility.
(c) With confusion.
(d) With gratitude.

6. What is the "diaspora"?
(a) The discrimination against Jews.
(b) The immigration of the Jews to the United States.
(c) The gathering of the Jews to the new nation of Israel.
(d) The dispersion of the Jews throughout the world.

7. In what area did Italian immigrants find success in California?
(a) Garment manufacture.
(b) Fruit selling.
(c) Glass blowing.
(d) Wine growing.

8. The highest fertility rates are found in groups with the ________________ incomes.
(a) Lowest.
(b) Most stable.
(c) Highest.
(d) Fastest-growing.

9. Which group was the most isolated of the early German settlers?
(a) The Mennonites.
(b) The Catholics.
(c) The Amish.
(d) The Mormons.

10. Which group formed the largest migration to America in the 19th century?
(a) Italians.
(b) Germans.
(c) Jews.
(d) Irish.

11. What crop were most slaves in the U.S. producing?
(a) Cotton.
(b) Sugar.
(c) Vegetables.
(d) Tobacco.

12. By the end of the 19th century, who controlled 2/3 of the labor done in New York City?
(a) White collar investors.
(b) Labor unions.
(c) Italian padrone.
(d) Poltical bosses.

13. What caused repeated conflicts between the Scotch-Irish and the Celtic Irish immigrants who arrived later?
(a) Politics.
(b) Religion.
(c) Education.
(d) Slavery.

14. What was the average life expectancy of an Irish immigrant in the 19th century?
(a) Forty.
(b) Thirty.
(c) Eighteen.
(d) Fifty-five.

15. Which group represents the most dramatic example of upward mobility among immigrants?
(a) The Polish.
(b) The illiterate.
(c) Slaves.
(d) The Irish.

Short Answer Questions

1. What were early German immigrants able to do more thoroughly than others?

2. What is the most affluent ethnic group in the U.S.?

3. Which group of Jews in New York were more established and wealthier?

4. How much of the arable land in Ireland was used for growing potatoes before the famine?

5. How many people died of starvation or illness during the Great Famine of the 1840s in Ireland?

(see the answer keys)

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