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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. During the decades surrounding the beginning of the 20th century, what proportion of Eastern European Jews moved to the United States?
(a) One-fifth.
(b) One-tenth.
(c) One-third.
(d) One-eighth.

2. Who were the "Know-Nothings"?
(a) A rude name for immigrants.
(b) A pro-immigrant political party.
(c) Immigrants who refused to participate in elections.
(d) An anti-immigrant political party.

3. How did northern and southern Italian immigrants regard each other?
(a) As long-lost friends.
(b) As part of the family system.
(c) As separate races of people.
(d) As distant relatives.

4. In what field did the Irish immigrants to America achieve their first successes?
(a) Politics.
(b) Cuisine.
(c) Science.
(d) The arts.

5. What percentage of the population is the largest single ethnic group?
(a) 75%.
(b) 47%.
(c) 52%.
(d) 15%.

6. What vice did Jewish immigrants almost universally avoid?
(a) Gambling.
(b) Organized crime.
(c) Pornography.
(d) Alcoholism.

7. How did German Jews regard themselves?
(a) Jews from Germany.
(b) Jewish Americans.
(c) Germans of the Hebrew faith.
(d) Hebrews from Europe.

8. How many people died of starvation or illness during the Great Famine of the 1840s in Ireland?
(a) Two hundred thousand.
(b) One million.
(c) Five hundred thousand.
(d) Five million.

9. What was the primary loyalty of southern Italians in the 20th century?
(a) The church.
(b) Personal morality.
(c) The family.
(d) Country.

10. What early 20th century occupation was 90% done by Italians?
(a) Bootblacking.
(b) Ragpicking.
(c) Mining.
(d) Construction.

11. Which ethnic group got along best with the Indians?
(a) Celtic Irish.
(b) Scotch-Irish.
(c) British.
(d) Germans.

12. Discrimination against Irish workers was exemplified in the phrase, "No Irish need ____________."
(a) Purchase.
(b) Venture.
(c) Enter.
(d) Apply.

13. What is the most affluent ethnic group in the U.S.?
(a) Japanese.
(b) Jewish.
(c) Chinese.
(d) Irish.

14. What virtue was already ingrained in European Jews when they arrived?
(a) Good humor.
(b) Philanthropy.
(c) Self-reliance.
(d) Conviviality.

15. The highest fertility rates are found in groups with the ________________ incomes.
(a) Lowest.
(b) Fastest-growing.
(c) Highest.
(d) Most stable.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which group represents the most dramatic example of upward mobility among immigrants?

2. How long was the voyage to America in a sailing vessel?

3. Which group of Jews in New York were more established and wealthier?

4. With which immigrant group did the Italians have the most conflict?

5. How did Europeans treat Jews as they became the only non-Christians on the continent?

(see the answer keys)

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