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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Which ethnic group has the highest fertility rates?
(a) Chinese Americans.
(b) Polish Americans.
(c) Mexican-Americans.
(d) Blacks.

2. What percentage of the population is the largest single ethnic group?
(a) 47%.
(b) 75%.
(c) 15%.
(d) 52%.

3. What kind of work provided a start for most wealthy American Jewish families?
(a) Farming.
(b) Unskilled labor.
(c) Peddling.
(d) Manufacturing.

4. What was the occupation of the German immigrants who landed in St. Louis and Milwaukee?
(a) Farming.
(b) Construction.
(c) Peddling.
(d) Brewing beer.

5. Which group represents the most dramatic example of upward mobility among immigrants?
(a) The Polish.
(b) The Irish.
(c) The illiterate.
(d) Slaves.

6. Before steamships, to what was sea travel for the immigrants directly tied?
(a) Trade.
(b) Weather conditions.
(c) Piracy.
(d) Occupations.

7. What educational reform did Germans propose and support?
(a) Graduate schools.
(b) Kindergartens.
(c) Preschools.
(d) Universities.

8. At the turn of the century, what was the population density of the lower East Side in New York?
(a) One hundred people per acre.
(b) Seven hundred people per acre.
(c) Five hundred people per acre.
(d) Two hundred people per acre.

9. What was the occupation of the majority of Irish immigrants in the 19th century?
(a) Farming.
(b) Manufacturing.
(c) Glass blowing.
(d) Unskilled labor.

10. What is the most affluent ethnic group in the U.S.?
(a) Chinese.
(b) Japanese.
(c) Irish.
(d) Jewish.

11. What was a "Hessian"?
(a) German communitarians.
(b) German soldiers recruited to fight in the Revolutionary War.
(c) German government officials.
(d) German pacifists.

12. In what area did 19th century Irish consider themselves superior to Germans?
(a) Sports.
(b) Religion.
(c) Americanization.
(d) Education.

13. What vice did Jewish immigrants almost universally avoid?
(a) Gambling.
(b) Organized crime.
(c) Pornography.
(d) Alcoholism.

14. What was a "redemptioner"?
(a) A purchaser of indentures.
(b) A German immigrant who expected relatives to pay his way.
(c) An indentured servant.
(d) A slave.

15. The "penal laws" imposed by the British on the Irish were intended to keep the Irish in what situation?
(a) Upwardly mobile.
(b) Educated and healthy.
(c) Impoverished and frightened.
(d) Subjugated and impoverished.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Sowell determine transient immigrants are less likely to do?

2. What early 20th century occupation was 90% done by Italians?

3. What is the "diaspora"?

4. What industry occupied nearly half of Russian Jews prior to their emigration to the U.S.?

5. What were early German immigrants able to do more thoroughly than others?

(see the answer keys)

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