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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. On what basis were Japanese immigrants to the U.S. preselected by the Japanese government?
(a) Health, character and willingness to work.
(b) Tired and poor.
(c) Desire for adventure.
(d) Criminal tendencies.

2. What segment of the U.S. population has traditionally pushed for open access for Mexican laborers?
(a) Agricultural employers.
(b) Hospital employees.
(c) The police.
(d) Welfare workers.

3. How did Chinese immigrants finance business startups?
(a) Rotating credit associations.
(b) Theft.
(c) Maintaining high credit ratings.
(d) Borrowing from employers.

4. What is a "wetback"?
(a) A strong swimmer.
(b) An agricultural worker who perspires freely.
(c) A mariachi musician.
(d) An illegal Mexican immigrant.

5. What "pushed" Mexicans to leave Mexico in the early 20th century?
(a) The devaluation of the peso.
(b) Overcrowding.
(c) Religious suppression.
(d) The Mexican revolution.

Short Answer Questions

1. What was a "hatchet man"?

2. What type of immigrant group is most likely to retain a foreign language and culture?

3. Japanese pieceworkers earned ____________ than whites doing the same work.

4. What was one significant difference between slavery in the U.S. and slavery throughout history, as identified by Sowell?

5. As those with different views left the South, what changed in the southern population?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did Japan view the United States in the 19th century?

2. How are black Americans both the oldest and the youngest immigrant group?

3. What anti-Japanese legislation in California caused problems for the Japanese immigrants?

4. In what ways did geography contribute to the perpetuation of slavery?

5. What was unusual about the Japanese government's approach to emigration to the U.S.?

6. Why has Mexican immigration divided the mainstream population?

7. Why is it particularly difficult to measure advancement in the immigrant Puerto Rican community?

8. What factors account for Chinese success in the United States?

9. How did American law operate against Chinese immigrants?

10. What are some socioeconomic results of early marriages and high fertility rates among Puerto Rican immigrants?

(see the answer keys)

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