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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which group of Jews in New York were more established and wealthier?

2. Where do most people of Irish ancestry live?

3. Immigrants on cargo ships could not select their______________.

4. What percentage of immigrants from southern Italy returned home?

5. What is the largest single ethnic group in the U.S.?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was unusual about German migration patterns in the 20th century?

2. What Jewish patterns in Europe became important to their success in America?

3. Why is it difficult to determine the effect of discrimination on ethnic groups?

4. What geographical advantages does northern Italy have over southern Italy?

5. What advantages did Irish have over other immigrants?

6. What are some influences German immigrants have had on American culture?

7. What was an indentured servant?

8. Why has alcoholism traditionally been lower among Italians than Irish?

9. Why did the Jews in various countries not fight back against discrimination?

10. In what ways have American ethnic communities supplied leadership to their countries of origin?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Select one ethnic group for which you will explore how the cultural values that came with them from their country of origin affected their assimilation into the culture of the United States. For example, what effect did Jewish dietary laws and ritual cleansing have on them? What effect did Italian emphasis on self-reliance have on them when they became immigrants?

Essay Topic 2

In an essay, compare and contrast the life of a sojourner with that of an immigrant who comes to the new country intending to stay. Compare such factors as language acquisition, desire for citizenship, spending, and education.

Essay Topic 3

Patterns emerge among all ethnic groups that show differences between the first generation of immigrants and the second and third generations. In your essay, select one or two ethnic groups to examine and compare generational differences.

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