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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Who developed the term "kike" to refer to Eastern European Jews in the U.S.?
(a) The Irish.
(b) The British.
(c) Blacks.
(d) German Jews.

2. The "penal laws" imposed by the British on the Irish were intended to keep the Irish in what situation?
(a) Educated and healthy.
(b) Upwardly mobile.
(c) Impoverished and frightened.
(d) Subjugated and impoverished.

3. The highest fertility rates are found in groups with the ________________ incomes.
(a) Lowest.
(b) Highest.
(c) Most stable.
(d) Fastest-growing.

4. What was a "redemptioner"?
(a) A German immigrant who expected relatives to pay his way.
(b) A purchaser of indentures.
(c) An indentured servant.
(d) A slave.

5. How did German Jews regard themselves?
(a) Hebrews from Europe.
(b) Germans of the Hebrew faith.
(c) Jewish Americans.
(d) Jews from Germany.

Short Answer Questions

1. What caused repeated conflicts between the Scotch-Irish and the Celtic Irish immigrants who arrived later?

2. In what area did Italian immigrants find success in California?

3. In what field did the Irish immigrants to America achieve their first successes?

4. What area in the United States contained the greatest number of Jews ever assembled in one place on earth?

5. What was the "Pale"?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are some influences German immigrants have had on American culture?

2. In what ways have American ethnic communities supplied leadership to their countries of origin?

3. Why has alcoholism traditionally been lower among Italians than Irish?

4. What Jewish patterns in Europe became important to their success in America?

5. What is culturally and linguistically unique about the size of the United States?

6. What is "amoral familism"?

7. What was a redemptioner?

8. Why is it misleading to think of minority groups as falling below national socioeconomic averages?

9. How had the Jews historically been treated in Europe?

10. What factors contributed to Irish immigrant workers' lack of initiative?

(see the answer keys)

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