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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What "pulled" Mexicans into the U.S. in the early 20th century?
(a) The lure of Hollywood.
(b) The construction of railroads.
(c) The building of factories.
(d) The development of large agribusinesses.

2. During the Civil War, what percentage of Union troops were black?
(a) 50%.
(b) 2%.
(c) 5%.
(d) 10%.

3. Most Japanese immigrants in the 19th century were young men from what kind of background?
(a) Transportation.
(b) Trade.
(c) Farming.
(d) Industry.

4. What does the typical Chinese immigrant in the U.S. do more than others?
(a) Send money home.
(b) Intermarry outside their ethnic group.
(c) Return to their homeland.
(d) Work and study.

5. What vices were commonly available in Chinatown?
(a) Theft and murder.
(b) Drinking and smoking.
(c) Prostitution, drugs, and gambling.
(d) Gambling and drinking.

6. Why are the Hong Kong Chinese vulnerable to employer exploitation?
(a) Many do not have job skills.
(b) Many are engaged in criminal activity.
(c) Many are in the U.S. illegally.
(d) Many do not understand U.S. customs.

7. Why have the Chinese been called "the Jews of Asia?"
(a) They have been universally excluded.
(b) Their success in business has been resented.
(c) Their success in business has been applauded.
(d) They have been universally welcomed.

8. What was a Californio?
(a) A wealthy California Hispanic of the 20th century.
(b) An enslaved California Hispanic of the 19th century.
(c) A wealthy California Hispanic of the 19th century.
(d) A California stagecoach robber.

9. What occupations did Chinese immigrants typically take in the mining camps?
(a) Tailors and saloon keepers.
(b) Cooks and launderers.
(c) Merchants and farmers.
(d) Miners and accountants.

10. What is a "coyote"?
(a) A Mexican gang.
(b) An Aztec symbol.
(c) An illegal drug.
(d) A smuggler of illegal immigrants.

11. How did the Japanese crime rate compare with that of other immigrant communities?
(a) Slightly higher.
(b) Far higher.
(c) Far lower.
(d) Slightly lower.

12. Where did the Alien Land Law prohibit Japanese immigrants from buying land?
(a) Japan.
(b) California.
(c) Hawaii.
(d) The United States.

13. What was a "hatchet man"?
(a) A lumberjack.
(b) A woodsman.
(c) An entertainer.
(d) A member of a Chinese secret society.

14. Heightened, more militant group consciousness typically appears in which generation?
(a) Fourth.
(b) Third.
(c) Second.
(d) First.

15. By 1970, which city had the most Puerto Ricans?
(a) Miami.
(b) New York.
(c) Boston.
(d) San Juan.

Short Answer Questions

1. In California, Japanese immigrants initiated what two business models?

2. Where was the first Puerto Rican community in New York?

3. What percentage of Puerto Ricans voted to be accepted as a U.S. state?

4. What quality did U.S. slave owners encourage in their slaves?

5. What "pushed" Mexicans to leave Mexico in the early 20th century?

(see the answer keys)

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