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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What political and economic beliefs does Fromm wish to reconnect man with?

2. What do masochists receive from their submissive acts?

3. What is Fromm's theory about Hitler and the success of the Nazi party?

4. What circumstances directly affected a person's willingness to submit to an authoritarian like Hitler?

5. What type of character was familiar to the lower, middle class?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to Fromm, why are "normal" people willing to conform to the ideas of an authoritarian character?

2. How is an individual's character structure affected by economic and political changes?

3. What is the relationship between sadism and masochism? How does the relationship affect authoritarian characters?

4. What role does character play in the individual and society?

5. How does a democratic society put pressure on individuals to conform?

6. What qualities did Hitler and Nazism possess that appealed to a large population of Germans?

7. What traits of an authoritarian character did Hitler possess?

8. What was life like for the lower, middle class following World War I? How did these conditions impact impacted their submission to Nazism?

9. What are the consequences for the individual and society when pressure to conform exists?

10. How does formal education limit a child's freedom?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare the freedoms individuals possessed under the Catholic Church and those under Protestantism. In your response, be sure to answer the following questions:

1). Which religion provided greater freedom for the individual, and how did it provide that freedom?

2). How were other organized structures like politics and economics affected by each religion?

3). How did each religion appeal to the different social classes?

4). How did social class affect one's freedom?

Essay Topic 2

Describe the relationship Hitler had with the lower, middle class of Germany. In your essay, be sure to answer the following questions:

1). How was this relationship mutually beneficial to both Hitler and the lower, middle class citizens?

2). How was Hitler able to secure the support from this social class?

3). Did the lower, middle class remain loyal to Hitler and vice versa?

4). What role did the economic troubles of the lower, middle class play in their relationship with Hitler?

Essay Topic 3

Explain Fromm's definition of freedom. In your answer, be sure to address the following:

1). What does man gain in his attempt from individual freedom?

2). What consequences exists for man and society when attaining freedom?

3) What cultural and social roadblocks does man face in this process?

(see the answer keys)

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