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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why is it possible for people to conform without their knowledge?

2. What German social class both submitted to Hitler and fully adopted his Nazi ideology?

3. What is "spontaneous" action?

4. How did Fromm separate the two groups of German people who supported the Nazis?

5. What has a key role in human development?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does social character affect different groups?

2. What is spontaneous action and original thought?

3. What are the consequences for the individual and society when pressure to conform exists?

4. Why was Nazism so appealing to the lower middle class of Germans?

5. How does the loss of identify affect an individual's willingness to conform, and what are the consequences for it?

6. How does a democratic society put pressure on individuals to conform?

7. How does formal education limit a child's freedom?

8. What qualities did Hitler and Nazism possess that appealed to a large population of Germans?

9. What role does the family have in developing the character structure of an individual?

10. What characteristics describe the second group of Germans who supported the Nazis?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe a fictitious society where man has complete and total freedom. Your essay should answer the following questions:

1). What is the political structure of this society?

2). Is there one central authority figure? If so, describe this individual. If not, explain why this individual does not exist.

3). What structures/ideologies/rules are in place that guarantee man his freedom?

4). Is everyone happy with the amount of freedom given to them?

5). Based on Fromm's definition of freedom, what would he say about this society? Would he agree that the individuals in this society have complete and total freedom?

Essay Topic 2

Analyze the social, economic, and individual lessons learned from Nazism. In your response, include the following information:

1). How did Nazism affect the entire social structure of Germany?

2). Examine how Hitler used social class to spread his sadomasochistic message of dominance.

3). What economic factors affected Nazism?

4). How did the individual lose himself and his freedom when the Nazi party came to power?

Essay Topic 3

Why does Fromm use Nazism to discuss authoritarianism and automaton conformity? How does the ideology of Nazism connect with Fromm's ideas on individuality and freedom? What other authoritarian political ideology possesses similar authoritarian and conformity tendencies?

(see the answer keys)

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